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We extend the concept of graph energy, introduced by Gutman, to matrices. We give upper and lower bounds on matrix energy extending previous results for graphs. In particular, we estimate the energy of almost all graphs.

交换代数 · 数学 2007-05-23 Vladimir Nikiforov

The energy of a graph is the sum of the moduli of the eigenvalues of its adjacency matrix. We study the energy of integral circulant graphs, also called gcd graphs, which can be characterized by their vertex count n and a set D of divisors…

组合数学 · 数学 2018-08-21 Jürgen W. Sander , Torsten Sander

Let $G$ be a simple graph of order $n$ with eigenvalues $\lambda_1(G)\geq \cdots \geq \lambda_n(G)$. Define \[s^+(G)=\sum_{\lambda_i >0} \lambda_i^2(G), \quad s^-(G)=\sum_{\lambda_i<0} \lambda_i^2(G).\] It was conjectured by Elphick,…

The energy $E(G)$ of a graph $G$ is defined as the sum of the absolute values of the eigenvalues of $G$. An $n$-vertex graph is said to be hypoenergetic if $E(G)<n$ and strongly hypoenergetic if $E(G)<n-1$. In this paper, we consider…

组合数学 · 数学 2009-05-26 Xueliang Li , Hongping Ma

The energy of a graph G, denoted by E(G), is defined as the sum of the absolute values of all eigenvalues of G. It is proved that E(G)>= 2(n-\chi(\bar{G}))>= 2(ch(G)-1) for every graph G of order n, and that E(G)>= 2ch(G) for all graphs G…

组合数学 · 数学 2007-12-07 Saieed Akbari , Ebrahim Ghorbani

Circulant graphs are an important class of interconnection networks in parallel and distributed computing. Integral circulant graphs play an important role in modeling quantum spin networks supporting the perfect state transfer as well. The…

组合数学 · 数学 2011-09-13 Aleksandar Ilic , Milan Basic

The energy of a graph is defined as the sum of the absolute values of the eigenvalues of the graph. In this paper, we present a new method to compare the energies of two $k$-subdivision bipartite graphs on some cut edges. As the…

组合数学 · 数学 2011-11-10 Hai-Ying Shan , Jia-Yu Shao , Li Zhang , Chang-Xiang He

We consider circulant graphs G(r,N) where the vertices are the integers modulo N and the neighbours of 0 are {-r,...,-1,1,...,r}. The energy of G(r,N) is a trigonometric sum of N*r terms. For low values of r we compute this sum explicitly.…

组合数学 · 数学 2016-03-04 David Blázquez-Sanz , Carlos Alberto Marín Arango

The energy of a graph is defined as the sum the absolute values of the eigenvalues of its adjacency matrix. A threshold graph G on n vertices is coded by a binary sequence of length n. In this paper we answer a question posed by Jacobs et…

组合数学 · 数学 2018-07-03 Fernando Tura

Let G be a simple graph on n vertices with vertex set V(G). The energy of G, denoted by, $\mathcal{E}(G)$ is the sum of all absolute values of the eigenvalues of the adjacency matrix $A(G)$. It is the first eigenvalue-based topological…

组合数学 · 数学 2024-05-27 B. R. Rakshith , Kinkar Chandra Das , B. J. Manjunatha

Let $G$ be a simple graph with $n$ vertices, $m$ edges having Laplacian eigenvalues $\mu_1, \mu_2, \dots, \mu_{n-1},\mu_n=0$. The Laplacian energy $LE(G)$ is defined as $LE(G)=\sum_{i=1}^{n}|\mu_i-\overline{d}|$, where…

组合数学 · 数学 2021-07-21 Hilal A. Ganiea , Bilal A. Rather , S. Pirzada

Let $G$ be a graph of order $n$ with eigenvalues $\lambda_1 \geq \cdots \geq\lambda_n$. Let \[s^+(G)=\sum_{\lambda_i>0} \lambda_i^2, \qquad s^-(G)=\sum_{\lambda_i<0} \lambda_i^2.\] The smaller value, $s(G)=\min\{s^+(G), s^-(G)\}$ is called…

组合数学 · 数学 2024-09-30 Saieed Akbari , Hitesh Kumar , Bojan Mohar , Shivaramakrishna Pragada

We provide a new upper bound for the energy of graphs in terms of degrees and number of leaves. We apply this formula to study the energy of Erd\"os-R\'enyi graphs and Barabasi-Albert trees.

组合数学 · 数学 2025-02-04 Octavio Arizmendi , Samuel Gurrola-Viramontes

For a connected graph, the distance spectral radius is the largest eigenvalue of its distance matrix, and the distance energy is defined as the sum of the absolute values of the eigenvalues of its distance matrix. We establish lower and…

组合数学 · 数学 2011-01-25 Bo Zhou , Aleksandar Ilic

Let $G$ be a simple graph of order $n$. The energy $E(G)$ of the graph $G$ is the sum of the absolute values of the eigenvalues of $G$. The Randi\'{c} matrix of $G$, denoted by $R(G)$, is defined as the $n\times n$ matrix whose…

组合数学 · 数学 2014-12-30 Saeid Alikhani , Nima Ghanbari

The extended adjacency matrix of a graph with $n$ vertices is a real symmetric matrix of order $n\times n$ whose $(i,j)$-th entry is the average of the ratio of the degree of the vertex $i$ to that of the vertex $j$ and its reciprocal when…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-01-22 Abujafar Mandal , Sk. Md. Abu Nayeem

Let $G$ be a simple graph of order $n$ with degree sequence $(d)=(d_1,d_2,\ldots,d_n)$ and conjugate degree sequence $(d^*)=(d_1^*,d_2^*,\ldots,d_n^*)$. In \cite{AkbariGhorbaniKoolenObudi2010,DasMojallalGutman2017} it was proven that…

组合数学 · 数学 2018-08-17 Ercan Altınışık , Nurşah Mutlu Varlıoglu

In this paper, we consider the Randi\'{c} energy $RE$ of simple connected graphs. We provide upper bounds for $RE$ in terms of the number of vertices and the nullity of the graph. We present families of graphs that satisfy the Conjecture…

组合数学 · 数学 2018-11-22 Luiz Emilio Allem , Gonzalo Molina , Adrián Pastine

We prove that, for any graph $G$, its graph energy is at least twice the Randic index. We show that equality holds if and only if $G$ is the union of complete bipartite graphs.

组合数学 · 数学 2020-09-18 Gerardo Arizmendi , Octavio Arizmendi

Let $G$ be a simple undirected graph, and $G^\sigma$ be an oriented graph of $G$ with the orientation $\sigma$ and skew-adjacency matrix $S(G^\sigma)$. The skew energy of the oriented graph $G^\sigma$, denoted by $\mathcal{E}_S(G^\sigma)$,…

组合数学 · 数学 2013-04-04 Xiaolin Chen , Xueliang Li , Huishu Lian