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An $\ell$-vertex-ranking of a graph $G$ is a colouring of the vertices of $G$ with integer colours so that in any connected subgraph $H$ of $G$ with diameter at most $\ell$, there is a vertex in $H$ whose colour is larger than that of every…

组合数学 · 数学 2024-04-26 John Iacono , Piotr Micek , Pat Morin , Bruce Reed

A proper $k$-colouring of a graph $G$ is called $h$-conflict-free if every vertex $v$ has at least $\min\, \{h, {\rm deg}(v)\}$ colours appearing exactly once in its neighbourhood. Let $\chi_{\rm pcf}^h(G)$ denote the minimum $k$ such that…

组合数学 · 数学 2026-02-12 Quentin Chuet , Tianjiao Dai , Qiancheng Ouyang , François Pirot

We introduce and study the dominated edge coloring of a graph. A dominated edge coloring of a graph $G$ is a proper edge coloring of $G$ such that each color class is dominated by at least one edge of $G$. The minimum number of colors among…

组合数学 · 数学 2020-03-24 Mohammad R. Piri , Saeid Alikhani

An edge coloring of a graph $G$ is called conflict-free if, for every edge, its closed neighborhood contains a color that appears exactly once. The least number of colors required for such a coloring is the conflict-free chromatic index of…

组合数学 · 数学 2026-04-28 Yuxin Jin , Yuping Gao

For a graph $G = (V(G), E(G))$, a dominating set $D$ is a vertex subset of $V(G)$ in which every vertex of $V(G) \setminus D$ is adjacent to a vertex in $D$. The domination number of $G$ is the minimum cardinality of a dominating set of $G$…

组合数学 · 数学 2022-08-16 David A. Kalarkop , Pawaton Kaemawichanurat , Raghavachar Rangarajan

A vertex coloring of a graph $G$ is said to be a 2-distance coloring if any two vertices at distance at most $2$ from each other receive different colors, and the least number of colors for which $G$ admits a $2$-distance coloring is known…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-08-21 Zakir Deniz

An $r$-hued coloring of a simple graph $G$ is a proper coloring of its vertices such that every vertex $v$ is adjacent to at least $\min\{r, \deg(v)\}$ differently colored vertices. The minimum number of colors needed for an $r$-hued…

组合数学 · 数学 2022-11-03 Stanislav Jendroľ , Alfréd Onderko

A star edge coloring of a graph $G$ is a proper edge coloring of $G$ such that no path or cycle of length four is bi-colored. The star chromatic index of $G$, denoted by $\chi^{\prime}_{s}(G)$, is the minimum $k$ such that $G$ admits a star…

组合数学 · 数学 2019-11-07 Behnaz Omoomi , Marzieh Vahid Dastjerdi , Yasaman Yektaeian

We prove a version of the strong Taylor's conjecture for stable graphs: if $G$ is a stable graph whose chromatic number is strictly greater than $\beth_2(\aleph_0)$ then $G$ contains all finite subgraphs of Sh$_n(\omega)$ and thus has…

逻辑 · 数学 2021-03-26 Yatir Halevi , Itay Kaplan , Saharon Shelah

The packing chromatic number $\chi_{\rho}(G)$ of a graph $G$ is the smallest integer $k$ such that vertices of $G$ can be partitioned into disjoint classes $X_1, ..., X_k$ where vertices in $X_i$ have pairwise distance greater than $i$. We…

离散数学 · 计算机科学 2011-05-31 Jan Ekstein , Přemysl Holub , Bernard Lidický

Vizing and Gupta showed that the chromatic index $\chi'(G)$ of a graph $G$ is bounded above by $\Delta(G) + \mu(G)$, where $\Delta(G)$ and $\mu(G)$ denote the maximum degree and the maximum multiplicity of $G$, respectively. Steffen refined…

组合数学 · 数学 2026-02-02 Guantao Chen , Alireza Fiujlaali , Anna Johnsen-Yu , Jessica McDonald

The packing chromatic number $\chi$ $\rho$ (G) of a graph G is the smallest integer k such that its set of vertices V (G) can be partitioned into k disjoint subsets V 1 ,. .. , V k , in such a way that every two distinct vertices in V i are…

离散数学 · 计算机科学 2018-08-15 Daouya Laïche , Eric Sopena

For a graph $G$, the tree graph ${\cal T}_{G,t}$ has all tree subgraphs of $G$ with $t$ vertices as vertex set and two tree subgraphs are neighbors if they are edge-disjoint. Also, the $r^{th}$ cut number of $G$ is the minimum number of…

组合数学 · 数学 2015-12-01 Meysam Alishahi , Hossein Hajiabolhassan

A total $k$-coloring of a graph $G$ is a coloring of $V(G)\cup E(G)$ using $k$ colors such that no two adjacent or incident elements receive the same color. The total chromatic number $\chi"(G)$ of $G$ is the smallest integer $k$ such that…

组合数学 · 数学 2021-12-28 Fan Yang , Jianliang Wu

We consider the following extension of the concept of adjacent strong edge colourings of graphs without isolated edges. Two distinct vertices which are at distant at most $r$ in a graph are called $r$-adjacent. The least number of colours…

组合数学 · 数学 2018-03-13 Jakub Przybyło

A geometric graph, $\overline{G}$, is a graph drawn in the plane, with straight line edges and vertices in general position. A geometric homomorphism between two geometric graphs $\overline{G}$, $\overline{H}$ is a vertex map…

组合数学 · 数学 2024-03-26 Debra Boutin , Alice Dean

For an edge-colored graph $G$, we call an edge-cut $M$ of $G$ monochromatic if the edges of $M$ are colored with a same color. The graph $G$ is called monochromatically disconnected if any two distinct vertices of $G$ are separated by a…

组合数学 · 数学 2019-11-05 Ping Li , Xueliang Li

If distinct colours represent distinct technology types that are placed at the vertices of a simple graph in accordance to a minimum proper colouring, a disaster recovery strategy could rely on an answer to the question: "What is the…

综合数学 · 数学 2018-03-06 Johan Kok , Sudev Naduvath , M. Jerlin Seles , U. Mary

Coloring a graph $G$ consists in finding an assignment of colors $c: V(G)\to\{1,\ldots,p\}$ such that any pair of adjacent vertices receives different colors. The minimum integer $p$ such that a coloring exists is called the chromatic…

离散数学 · 计算机科学 2019-12-25 Théo Pierron

Let $G$ be a simple graph. The dominated coloring of a graph $G$ is a proper coloring of $G$ such that each color class is dominated by at least one vertex. The minimum number of colors needed for a dominated coloring of $G$ is called the…

组合数学 · 数学 2019-12-03 Saeid Alikhani , Mohammad R. Piri