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Automated vehicles (AVs) must communicate their yielding intentions to pedestrians at crossings. External Human-Machine Interfaces (eHMIs, on-vehicle displays) are promising solutions, but were primarily tested with walking pedestrians.…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2026-03-17 Ammar Al-Taie , Thomas Goodge , Shaun Macdonald , Ian Oakley , Stephen Brewster

Compared to a manual driving vehicle (MV), an automated driving vehicle lacks a way to communicate with the pedestrian through the driver when it interacts with the pedestrian because the driver usually does not participate in driving…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2022-06-08 Hailong Liu , Takatsugu Hirayama , Masaya Watanabe

Increasing autonomous vehicles (AVs) in transportation systems makes effective interactions between AVs and pedestrians indispensable. External human--machine interface (eHMI), which employs visual or auditory cues to explicitly convey…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2026-01-01 Boya Sun , Haotian Shi , Ying Ni , Shaocheng Jia , Haoyang Liang

In recent years, researchers and manufacturers have started to investigate ways to enable autonomous vehicles (AVs) to interact with nearby pedestrians in compensation for the absence of human drivers. The majority of these efforts focuses…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2024-03-11 Yiyuan Wang , Luke Hespanhol , Martin Tomitsch

External human-machine interface (eHMI) is considered as a new explicit communication method for pedestrian-AV interactions, particularly in encounter scenarios. Pedestrians without prior negotiation experience with eHMI may misinterpret…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2025-04-17 Hailong Liu , Takatsugu Hirayama

Policymakers advocate for the use of external Human-Machine Interfaces (eHMIs) to allow autonomous vehicles (AVs) to communicate their intentions or status. Nonetheless, scalability concerns in complex traffic scenarios arise, such as…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2024-03-19 Tram Thi Minh Tran , Callum Parker , Marius Hoggenmuller , Yiyuan Wang , Martin Tomitsch

As autonomous vehicles become more integrated into shared human environments, effective communication with road users is essential for ensuring safety. While previous research has focused on developing external Human-Machine Interfaces…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2025-06-24 Ronald Cumbal , Didem Gurdur Broo , Ginevra Castellano

Appropriate communication is crucial for efficient and safe interactions between pedestrians and autonomous vehicles (AVs). External human-machine interfaces (eHMIs) on AVs, which can be categorized as allocentric or egocentric, are…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2026-01-07 Yun Ye , Zexuan Li , Panagiotis Angeloudis , S. C. Wong , Jian Sun , Haoyang Liang

With automated vehicles (AVs), the absence of a human operator could necessitate external Human-Machine Interfaces (eHMIs) to communicate with other road users. Existing research primarily focuses on pedestrian-AV interactions, with limited…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2026-01-28 Mark Colley , Simon Kopp , Debargha Dey , Pascal Jansen , Enrico Rukzio

Interacting with pedestrians understandably and efficiently is one of the toughest challenges faced by autonomous vehicles (AVs) due to the limitations of current algorithms and external human-machine interfaces (eHMIs). In this paper, we…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2024-02-23 Xiang Chang , Zihe Chen , Xiaoyan Dong , Yuxin Cai , Tingmin Yan , Haolin Cai , Zherui Zhou , Guyue Zhou , Jiangtao Gong

As autonomous vehicles are gradually being deployed in the real world, external Human-Machine Interfaces (eHMIs) are expected to serve as a critical solution for enhancing vehicle-pedestrian communication. However, existing eHMI designs…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2026-02-24 Jialong Li , Zhenyu Mao , Zhiyao Wang , Yijun Lu , Shogo Morita , Nianyu Li , Kenji Tei

In this article, we report on the design and evaluation of an external human-machine interface (eHMI) for a real autonomous vehicle (AV), developed to operate as a shared transport pod in a pedestrianized urban space. We present insights…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2024-06-19 Marius Hoggenmueller , Martin Tomitsch , Stewart Worrall

External Human-Machine Interfaces (eHMIs) are critical for seamless interactions between autonomous vehicles (AVs) and pedestrians in shared spaces. However, they often struggle to adapt to these environments, where pedestrian movement is…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2025-03-10 Le Yue , Tram Thi Minh Tran , Xinyan Yu , Marius Hoggenmueller

External Human-Machine Interfaces (eHMIs) have been proposed to facilitate communication between Automated Vehicles (AVs) and pedestrians. However, no attention was given to Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing (DHH) people. We conducted a formative…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2026-01-21 Wenge Xu , Foroogh Hajiseyedjavadi , Kurtis Weir , Chukwuemeka Eze , Mark Colley

This paper presents the results of real-world testing of human-vehicle interactions with an autonomous vehicle equipped with internal and external Human Machine Interfaces (HMIs) in a crosswalk scenario. The internal and external HMIs were…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2023-07-25 R. Izquierdo , S. Martín , J. Alonso , I. Parra , M. A. , D. Fernández-Llorca

Each year, over half of global traffic fatalities involve vulnerable road users (e.g. pedestrians), often due to human error. Level-5 automated driving systems (ADSs) could reduce driver errors contributing to pedestrian accidents, though…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2025-07-30 Viktoria Marcus , Griffin Pitts , Sanaz Motamedi

Mobile robots are increasingly being deployed in public spaces such as shopping malls, airports, and urban sidewalks. Most of these robots are designed with human-aware motion planning capabilities but are not designed to communicate with…

Autonomous vehicles (AVs) tend to disrupt the atmosphere and pedestrian experience in urban shared spaces, undermining the focus of these spaces on people and placemaking. We investigate how external human-machine interfaces (eHMIs)…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2026-03-31 Yiyuan Wang , Martin Tomitsch , Marius Hoggenmüller , Senuri Wijenayake , Wai Yan , Luke Hespanhol

The absence of a human operator in automated vehicles (AVs) may require external Human-Machine Interfaces (eHMIs) to facilitate communication with other road users in uncertain scenarios, for example, regarding the right of way. Given the…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2025-01-22 Mark Colley , Pascal Jansen , Mugdha Keskar , Enrico Rukzio

In comparison to conventional traffic designs, shared spaces promote a more pleasant urban environment with slower motorized movement, smoother traffic, and less congestion. In the foreseeable future, shared spaces will be populated with a…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2021-09-27 Yang Li , Hao Cheng , Zhe Zeng , Hailong Liu , Monika Sester
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