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A graph is $k$-critical if it is $k$-chromatic but each of its proper induced subgraphs is ($k-1$)-colorable. It is known that the number of $4$-critical $P_5$-free graphs is finite, but there is an infinite number of $k$-critical…

In the first part, we introduce a notion a degree of edge-colorings of bicubic plane graphs and proves some local formula of the graded number of colorings. In the second part, we give a new proof of a result of Fisk saying that any two…

组合数学 · 数学 2013-12-03 Louis-Hadrien Robert

A star edge coloring of a graph is a proper edge coloring with no $2$-colored path or cycle of length four. The star chromatic index $\chi'_{st}(G)$ of $G$ is the minimum number $t$ for which $G$ has a star edge coloring with $t$ colors. We…

组合数学 · 数学 2021-05-12 Carl Johan Casselgren , Jonas B. Granholm , André Raspaud

Let $K_{\mathbb{N}}$ be the complete symmetric digraph on the positive integers. Answering a question of DeBiasio and McKenney, we construct a $2$-colouring of the edges of $K_{\mathbb{N}}$ in which every monochromatic path has density~$0$.…

组合数学 · 数学 2018-05-07 Carl Bürger , Louis DeBiasio , Hannah Guggiari , Max Pitz

We study a new variant of \emph{connected coloring} of graphs based on the concept of \emph{strong} edge coloring (every color class forms an \emph{induced} matching). In particular, an edge-colored path is \emph{strongly proper} if its…

An edge-coloring of a multigraph G with colors 1,2,...,t is called an interval t-coloring if all colors are used, and the colors of edges incident to any vertex of G are distinct and form an interval of integers. In this paper we prove that…

离散数学 · 计算机科学 2011-10-07 Petros A. Petrosyan

An $acyclic$ edge coloring of a graph is a proper edge coloring such that there are no bichromatic cycles. The \emph{acyclic chromatic index} of a graph is the minimum number k such that there is an acyclic edge coloring using k colors and…

组合数学 · 数学 2012-12-04 Manu Basavaraju , L. Sunil Chandran , Manoj Kummini

We generalize the Five Color Theorem by showing that it extends to graphs with two crossings. Furthermore, we show that if a graph has three crossings, but does not contain K_6 as a subgraph, then it is also 5-colorable. We also consider…

组合数学 · 数学 2007-05-23 Bogdan Oporowski , David Zhao

Inspired by earlier results about proper and polychromatic coloring of hypergraphs, we investigate such colorings of directed hypergraphs, that is, hypergraphs in which the vertices of each hyperedge is partitioned into two parts, a tail…

组合数学 · 数学 2022-05-24 Balázs Keszegh

We call a (not necessarily properly) edge-colored graph edge-color-avoiding connected if after the removal of edges of any single color, the graph remains connected. For vertex-colored graphs, similar definitions of color-avoiding…

组合数学 · 数学 2024-01-29 József Pintér , Kitti Varga

A $\frac{1}{k}$-majority $l$-edge-colouring of a graph $G$ is a colouring of its edges with $l$ colours such that for every colour $i$ and each vertex $v$ of $G$, at most $\frac{1}{k}$'th of the edges incident with $v$ have colour $i$. We…

组合数学 · 数学 2023-09-29 Paweł Pękała , Jakub Przybyło

Hoffman's bound is a well-known eigenvalue bound on the chromatic number of a graph. By interpreting this bound as a parameter, we show multiple applications of colorings attaining the bound (Hoffman colorings) for several notions of graph…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-08-27 Aida Abiad , Bart De Bruyn , Thijs van Veluw

An edge-colored graph $G$ is $k$-color connected if, between each pair of vertices, there exists a path using at least $k$ different colors. The $k$-color connection number of $G$, denoted by $cc_{k}(G)$, is the minimum number of colors…

组合数学 · 数学 2017-03-29 Hong Chang , Zhong Huang , Xueliang Li

Following problems posed by Gy\'arf\'as, we show that for every $r$-edge-colouring of $K_n$ there is a monochromatic triple star of order at least $n/(r-1)$, improving a previous result by Ruszink\'o. An edge colouring of a graph is called…

组合数学 · 数学 2013-10-18 Shoham Letzter

The Colouring problem asks whether the vertices of a graph can be coloured with at most $k$ colours for a given integer $k$ in such a way that no two adjacent vertices receive the same colour. A graph is $(H_1,H_2)$-free if it has no…

计算复杂性 · 计算机科学 2017-12-08 Konrad Dabrowski , Daniel Paulusma

An adjacent vertex distinguishing coloring of a graph G is a proper edge coloring of G such that any pair of adjacent vertices are incident with distinct sets of colors. The minimum number of colors needed for an adjacent vertex…

组合数学 · 数学 2012-08-14 Lianzhu Zhang , Weifan Wang , Ko-Wei Lih

A proper edge coloring of a graph $G$ with colors $1,2,\dots,t$ is called a \emph{cyclic interval $t$-coloring} if for each vertex $v$ of $G$ the edges incident to $v$ are colored by consecutive colors, under the condition that color $1$ is…

组合数学 · 数学 2017-03-30 Armen S. Asratian , Carl Johan Casselgren , Petros A. Petrosyan

We define a method for edge coloring signed graphs and what it means for such a coloring to be proper. Our method has many desirable properties: it specializes to the usual notion of edge coloring when the signed graph is all-negative, it…

组合数学 · 数学 2018-12-05 Richard Behr

An edge-coloring of a graph $G$ with colors $1,\ldots,t$ is an interval $t$-coloring if all colors are used, and the colors of edges incident to each vertex of $G$ are distinct and form an interval of integers. A graph $G$ is interval…

离散数学 · 计算机科学 2016-04-01 Hrant Khachatrian , Tigran Mamikonyan

A graph is \textit{locally irregular} if the neighbors of every vertex $v$ have degrees distinct from the degree of $v$. \textit{locally irregular edge-coloring} of a graph $G$ is an (improper) edge-coloring such that the graph induced on…

组合数学 · 数学 2018-06-29 Borut Lužar , Jakub Przybyło , Roman Soták