中文

多项式根密度在微分下的守恒律

偏微分方程分析 2020-09-22 v3

摘要

pn(x)p_n(x)nn次多项式,具有nn个互异实根,其分布服从R\mathbb{R}上良好的概率分布u(0,x)dxu(0,x)dx。一个自然问题是理解当nn \rightarrow \infty时,pnp_n的第(tn)(t\cdot n)阶导数的根的密度u(t,x)u(t,x),其中0<t<10 < t < 1。我们导出关于u(t,x)u(t,x)演化的\emph{无穷}多条守恒律。前三条为\begin{align*} \int_{\mathbb{R}}{ u(t,x) ~ dx} = 1-t, \qquad \qquad \int_{\mathbb{R}}{ u(t,x) x ~ dx} = \left(1-t\right)\int_{\mathbb{R}}{ u(0,x) x~ dx}, \qquad \int_{\mathbb{R}} \int_{\mathbb{R}} u(t,x) (x-y)^2 u(t,y) ~ dx dy = (1-t)^3 \int_{\mathbb{R}} \int_{\mathbb{R}} u(0,x) (x-y)^2 u(0,y) ~ dx dy. \end{align*}作者曾推测u(t,x)u(t,x)可能依照涉及Hilbert变换的非局部演化方程演化;这已在两种特殊闭式解中得到验证——因此这些守恒律指向了Hilbert变换的有趣恒等式。我们讨论了许多开放问题。

关键词

引用

@article{arxiv.2001.09967,
  title  = {Conservation Laws for the Density of Roots of Polynomials under Differentiation},
  author = {Stefan Steinerberger},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2001.09967},
  year   = {2020}
}

备注

This paper is withdrawn because there is an error in the last section: the algebraic identities, in the limit n-> \infty, all collapse to the first conservation law. One could wonder whether this can be fixed via a suitable renormalization scheme but at present, the argument is incomplete