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An acyclic edge coloring of a graph is a proper edge coloring without any bichromatic cycles. The acyclic chromatic index of a graph $G$ denoted by $a'(G)$, is the minimum $k$ such that $G$ has an acyclic edge coloring with $k$ colors.…

组合数学 · 数学 2024-01-31 Nevil Anto , Manu Basavaraju , Suresh Manjanath Hegde , Shashanka Kulamarva

A harmonious coloring of $G$ is a proper vertex coloring of $G$ such that every pair of colors appears on at most one pair of adjacent vertices. The harmonious chromatic number of $G$, $h(G)$, is the minimum number of colors needed for a…

组合数学 · 数学 2012-02-07 Saieed Akbari , Jaehoon Kim , Alexandr Kostochka

The online list coloring is a widely studied topic in graph theory. A graph $G$ is 2-paintable if we always have a strategy to complete a coloring in an online list coloring of $G$ in which each vertex has a color list of size 2. In this…

组合数学 · 数学 2015-03-24 Keaitsuda Nakprasit , Kittikorn Nakprasit

For a graph $G$ and a list assignment $L$ with $|L(v)|=k$ for all $v$, an $L$-packing consists of $L$-colorings $\varphi_1,\cdots,\varphi_k$ such that $\varphi_i(v)\ne\varphi_j(v)$ for all $v$ and all distinct $i,j\in\{1,\ldots,k\}$. Let…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-10-15 Daniel W. Cranston , Evelyne Smith-Roberge

The packing coloring problem has diverse applications, including frequency assignment in wireless networks, resource distribution and facility location in smart cities and post-disaster management, as well as in biological diversity.…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-11-18 Hanna Furmańczyk , Didem Gözüpek , Sibel Özkan

An \emph{interval $t$-coloring} of a multigraph $G$ is a proper edge coloring with colors $1,\dots,t$ such that the colors on the edges incident to every vertex of $G$ are colored by consecutive colors. A \emph{cyclic interval $t$-coloring}…

组合数学 · 数学 2016-11-22 Carl Johan Casselgren , Hrant H. Khachatrian , Petros A. Petrosyan

A vertex coloring of a given graph $G$ is conflict-free if the closed neighborhood of every vertex contains a unique color (i.e. a color appearing only once in the neighborhood). The minimum number of colors in such a coloring is the…

组合数学 · 数学 2020-09-07 Michał Dębski , Jakub Przybyło

A graph coloring has bounded clustering if each monochromatic component has bounded size. This paper studies such a coloring, where the number of colors depends on an excluded complete bipartite subgraph. This is a much weaker assumption…

组合数学 · 数学 2022-09-29 Chun-Hung Liu , David R. Wood

A proper edge coloring of a graph without any bichromatic cycles is said to be an acyclic edge coloring of the graph. The acyclic chromatic index of a graph $G$ denoted by $a'(G)$, is the minimum integer $k$ such that $G$ has an acyclic…

组合数学 · 数学 2026-04-01 Nevil Anto , Manu Basavaraju , Shashanka Kulamarva

An injective edge-coloring $c$ of a graph $G$ is an edge-coloring such that if $e_1$, $e_2$, and $e_3$ are three consecutive edges in $G$ (they are consecutive if they form a path or a cycle of length three), then $e_1$ and $e_3$ receive…

组合数学 · 数学 2020-09-01 Baya Ferdjallah , Samia Kerdjoudj , Andre Raspaud

The proper conflict-free chromatic number, $\chi_{pcf}(G)$, of a graph $G$ is the least $k$ such that $G$ has a proper $k$-coloring in which for each non-isolated vertex there is a color appearing exactly once among its neighbors. The…

We show that every planar graph $G$ has a 2-fold 9-coloring. In particular, this implies that $G$ has fractional chromatic number at most $\frac92$. This is the first proof (independent of the 4 Color Theorem) that there exists a constant…

组合数学 · 数学 2019-11-18 Daniel W. Cranston , Landon Rabern

We prove that for any graph $G$, the total chromatic number of $G$ is at most $\Delta(G)+2\left\lceil \frac{|V(G)|}{\Delta(G)+1} \right\rceil$. This saves one color in comparison with a result of Hind from 1992. In particular, our result…

组合数学 · 数学 2024-05-14 Aseem Dalal , Jessica McDonald , Songling Shan

A circular $r$-coloring of a signed graph $(G, \sigma)$ is an assignment $\phi$ of points of a circle $C_r$ of circumference $r$ to the vertices of $(G, \sigma)$ such that for each positive edge $uv$ of $(G, \sigma)$ the distance of…

组合数学 · 数学 2021-07-27 František Kardoš , Jonathan Narboni , Reza Naserasr , Zhouningxin Wang

The chromatic number of an planar graph is not greater than four and this is known by the famous four color theorem and is equal to two when the planar graph is bipartite. When the planar graph is even-triangulated or all cycles are greater…

组合数学 · 数学 2009-01-20 I. Cahit

An $r$-dynamic $k$-coloring of a graph $G$ is a proper $k$-coloring such that for any vertex $v$, there are at least $\min\{r, deg_G(v) \}$ distinct colors in $N_G(v)$. The $r$-dynamic chromatic number $\chi_r^d(G)$ of a graph $G$ is the…

组合数学 · 数学 2019-09-11 Ruijuan Gu , Seog-Jin Kim , Yulai Ma , Yongtang Shi

Recall that the minimum number of colors that allow a proper coloring of graph $G$ is called the chromatic number of $G$ and denoted by $\chi(G).$ In this paper the concepts of $\chi$'-chromatic sum and $\chi^+$-chromatic sum are…

综合数学 · 数学 2016-02-12 Johan Kok , Saptarshi Bej

A graph $G$ is \emph{uniquely k-colorable} if the chromatic number of $G$ is $k$ and $G$ has only one $k$-coloring up to permutation of the colors. A uniquely $k$-colorable graph $G$ is edge-critical if $G-e$ is not a uniquely $k$-colorable…

组合数学 · 数学 2013-12-31 Zepeng Li , Enqiang Zhu , Zehui Shao , Jin Xu

Hadwiger's conjecture asserts that every graph without a $K_t$-minor is $(t-1)$-colorable. It is known that the exact version of Hadwiger's conjecture does not extend to list coloring, but it has been conjectured by Kawarabayashi and Mohar…

组合数学 · 数学 2021-10-19 Raphael Steiner

A cyclic coloring of a plane graph $G$ is a coloring of its vertices such that vertices incident with the same face have distinct colors. The minimum number of colors in a cyclic coloring of a plane graph $G$ is its cyclic chromatic number…

组合数学 · 数学 2020-09-23 Stanislav Jendrol , Roman Sotak
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