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Let $A(G)$ be the adjacency matrix of graph $G$ with eigenvalues $\lambda_1(G), \lambda_2(G),..., \lambda_n(G)$ in non-increasing order. The number $S_k(G):=\sum_{i=1}^{n}\lambda_i^{k}(G)\, (k=0, 1,..., n-1)$ is called the $k$th spectral…

组合数学 · 数学 2012-09-12 Li Shuchao , Song Yibing

Let $k\geq2$ be an integer. A tree $T$ is called a $k$-tree if $d_T(v)\leq k$ for each $v\in V(T)$, that is, the maximum degree of a $k$-tree is at most $k$. Let $\lambda_1(D(G))$ denote the distance spectral radius in $G$, where $D(G)$…

组合数学 · 数学 2024-07-22 Sizhong Zhou , Jiancheng Wu

For two given positive integers $p$ and $q$ with $p\leqslant q$, we denote $\mathscr{T}_n^{p, q}={T: T$ is a tree of order $n$ with a $(p, q)$-bipartition}. For a graph $G$ with $n$ vertices, let $A(G)$ be its adjacency matrix with…

组合数学 · 数学 2012-11-22 Shuchao Li , Jiajia Zhang

Let $G$ be a connected graph of order $n$. A spanning $k$-tree of $G$ is a spanning tree with the maximum degree at most $k$, and a spanning $k$-ended-tree of $G$ is a spanning tree at most $k$ leaves, where $k\geq2$ is an integer. This…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-06-10 Jifu Lin , Zenan Du , Xinghui Zhao , Lihua You

For a graph $G$, let $\lambda_1(G)$ and $\lambda_2(G)$ denote the largest and the second largest adjacency eigenvalue of $G$. The sum $\lambda_1(G) + \lambda_2(G)$ is called the \emph{spectral sum} of $G$. We investigate the spectral sum of…

组合数学 · 数学 2026-01-16 Hitesh Kumar , Bojan Mohar , Shivaramakrishna Pragada , Hanmeng Zhan

Let $A(G)$ be the adjacency matrix of a graph $G$ with $\lambda_{1}(G)$, $\lambda_{2}(G)$, ..., $\lambda_{n}(G)$ being its eigenvalues in non-increasing order. Call the number $S_k(G):=\sum_{i=1}^{n}\lambda_{i}^k(G) (k=0,1,...,n-1)$ the…

组合数学 · 数学 2012-09-13 Shuchao Li , Huihui Zhang

Let $G=(V,E)$ be a connected graph, where $V=\{v_1, v_2, \cdots, v_n\}$ and $m=|E|$. $d_i$ will denote the degree of vertex $v_i$ of $G$, and $\Delta=\max_{1\leq i \leq n} d_i$. The ABC matrix of $G$ is defined as $M(G)=(m_{ij})_{n \times…

谱理论 · 数学 2020-04-20 Wenshui Lin , Yiming Zheng , Peifang Fu , Zhangyong Yan , Jia-Bao Liu

In this paper, we study some spanning trees with bounded degree and leaf degree from eigenvalues. For any integer $k\geq2$, a $k$-tree is a spanning tree in which every vertex has degree no more than $k$. Let $T$ be a spanning tree of a…

组合数学 · 数学 2024-07-29 Chang Liu , Jianping Li

Let $G=(V,E)$ be a connected graph, where $V=\{v_1, v_2, \cdots, v_n\}$. Let $d_i$ denote the degree of vertex $v_i$. The ABC matrix of $G$ is defined as $M(G)=(m_{ij})_{n \times n}$, where $m_{ij}=\sqrt{(d_i + d_j -2)/(d_i d_j)}$ if $v_i…

组合数学 · 数学 2020-08-04 Wenshui Lin , Zhangyong Yan , Peifang Fu , Jia-Bao Liu

The $k$-th spectral moment $M_k(G)$ of the adjacency matrix of a graph~$G$ represents the number of closed walks of length~$k$ in~$G$. We study here the partial order $\preceq$ of graphs, defined by $G\preceq H$ if $M_k(G)\leq M_k(H)$ for…

组合数学 · 数学 2020-05-21 Dragan Stevanović

Let $G$ be a graph with adjacency matrix $A(G)$ and let $D(G)$ be the diagonal matrix of the degrees of $G$. For every real $\alpha\in\left[ 0,1\right],$ define the matrix $A_{\alpha}\left(G\right) $ as \[ A_{\alpha}\left(G\right) =\alpha…

组合数学 · 数学 2016-09-06 Vladimir Nikiforov , Germain Pastén , Oscar Rojo , Ricardo L. Soto

For a connected graph $G$ with order $n$ and an integer $k\geq 1$, we denote by $$S_k(D(G))=\lambda_1(D(G))+\cdots+\lambda_k(D(G))$$ the sum of $k$ largest distance eigenvalues of $G$. In this paper, we consider the sharp upper bound and…

组合数学 · 数学 2018-05-25 Huiqiu Lin

For a graph $G$, the spectral radius of $G$ is the largest eigenvalue of its adjacency matrix. A connected factor of $G$ is a connected spanning subgraph of $G$. For example, a spanning tree of $G$ is a 1-connected factor of $G$. Let $G$ be…

组合数学 · 数学 2026-05-25 Xinying Tang , Wenqian Zhang

Let $G$ be a $k$-uniform hypergraph with vertex set $V(G)$ and edge set $E(G)$. A connected and acyclic hypergraph is called a supertree. For $0\leq\alpha<1$, the $\alpha$-spectral radius of $G$ is the largest $H$-eigenvalue of $\alpha…

组合数学 · 数学 2022-06-08 Chang Liu , Jianping Li

Let $G$ be a connected graph and let $k$ be a positive integer. Let $T$ be a spanning tree of $G$. The leaf degree of a vertex $v\in V(T)$ is defined as the number of leaves adjacent to $v$ in $T$. The leaf degree of $T$ is the maximum leaf…

组合数学 · 数学 2024-06-12 Sufang Wang , Wei Zhang

It is a classic result in spectral theory that the limit distribution of the spectral measure of random graphs G(n, p) converges to the semicircle law in case np tends to infinity with n. The spectral measure for random graphs G(n, c/n)…

组合数学 · 数学 2024-05-15 Eva-Maria Hainzl , Élie de Panafieu

For $0\le \alpha\le 1$, Nikiforov proposed to study the spectral properties of the family of matrices $A_{\alpha}(G)=\alpha D(G)+(1-\alpha)A(G)$ of a graph $G$, where $D(G)$ is the degree diagonal matrix and $A(G)$ is the adjacency matrix.…

组合数学 · 数学 2018-05-10 Haiyan Guo , Bo Zhou

A variant of the Erd\H{o}s-S\'os conjecture, posed by Havet, Reed, Stein and Wood, states that every graph with minimum degree at least $\lfloor 2k/3 \rfloor$ and maximum degree at least $k$ contains a copy of every tree with $k$ edges.…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-12-19 Alexey Pokrovskiy , Leo Versteegen , Ella Williams

A vertex of degree one is called an end-vertex, and an end-vertex of a tree is called a leaf. A tree with at most $k$ leaves is called a $k$-ended tree. For a positive integer $k$, let $t_k$ be the order of a largest $k$-ended tree. Let…

组合数学 · 数学 2015-03-26 Zh. G. Nikoghosyan

A tree is said to be starlike if exactly one vertex has degree greater than two. In this paper, we will study the spectral properties of $S(n,k \cdot 1)$, that is, the starlike tree with $k$ branches of length 1 and one branch of length…

组合数学 · 数学 2017-09-27 Hyunshik Shin
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