相关论文: Probabilistic Description of Traffic Breakdowns

Based on numerical simulations of a three-phase traffic flow model, a probabilistic theory of traffic at the light signal is developed. We have found that very complex spatiotemporal self-organized phenomena determine features of city…

Phantom traffic jams may emerge ``out of nowhere'' from small fluctuations rather than being triggered by large, exceptional events. We show how phantom jams arise in a model of single lane highway traffic, which mimics human driving…

Traffic waves, known also as stop-and-go waves or phantom hams, appear naturally as traffic instabilities, also in confined environments as a ring-road. A multi-population traffic is studied on a ring-road, comprised of drivers with stable…

We discuss a phenomenological approach to the description of unstable vehicle motion on multilane highways that explains in a simple way the observed sequence of the phase transitions "free flow -> synchronized motion -> jam" as well as the…

Traffic flow is a very prominent example of a driven non-equilibrium system. A characteristic phenomenon of traffic dynamics is the spontaneous and abrupt drop of the average velocity on a stretch of road leading to congestion. Such a…

There is discussion if traffic displays multiple phases (e.g. laminar, jammed, synchronized) or not. This paper presents evidence that a stochastic car following model, by changing one of its parameters, can be moved from showing two phases…

A simple algorithm for constructing an effective traffic model is presented. The algorithm uses statistically well-defined quantities extracted from the flow-density plot, and the resulting effective model naturally captures and predicts…

A multi--cluster model of traffic flow is studied, in which the motion of cars is described by a stochastic master equation. Assuming that the escape rate from a cluster depends only on the cluster size, the dynamics of the model is…

Using high precision Monte Carlo simulations and a mean-field theory, we explore coarsening phenomena in a simple driven diffusive system. The model is reminiscent of vehicular traffic on a two-lane ring road. At sufficiently high density,…

The Nagel-Schreckenberg traffic flow model shows a transition from a free flow regime to a jammed regime for increasing car density. The measurement of the dynamical structure factor offers the chance to observe the evolution of jams…

The increasing urbanization process we have been witnessing in the last decades is accompanied by a significant increase in traffic congestion in cities around the world. The effect of the congestion is represented in the enormous time…

We present large scale and detailed analysis of the microscopic empirical data of the traffic flow, focusing on the non-linear interactions between the vehicles when the traffic is congested. By implementing a "renormalisation" procedure…

We study an one-dimensional stochastic model of vehicular traffic on open segments of a single-lane road of finite size $L$. The vehicles obey a stochastic discrete-time dynamics which is a limiting case of the generalized Totally…

We investigate a model for driven exclusion processes where internal states are assigned to the particles. The latter account for diverse situations, ranging from spin states in spintronics to parallel lanes in intracellular or vehicular…

We introduce a counting process to model the random occurrence in time of car traffic accidents, taking into account some aspects of the self-excitation typical of this phenomenon. By combining methods from probability and differential…

We introduce a traffic flow model that incorporates clustering and passing. We obtain analytically the steady state characteristics of the flow from a Boltzmann-like equation. A single dimensionless parameter, R=c_0v_0t_0 with c_0 the…

Statistical mechanics of a small system of cars on a single-lane road is developed. The system is not characterized by a Hamiltonian but by a conditional probability of a velocity of a car for the given velocity and distance of the car…

Based on the statistical evaluation of experimental single-vehicle data, we propose a quantitative interpretation of the erratic scattering of flow-density data in synchronized traffic flows. A correlation analysis suggests that the…

The present paper proposes a novel interpretation of the widely scattered states (called synchronized traffic) stimulated by Kerner's hypotheses about the existence of a multitude of metastable states in the fundamental diagram. Using…

Contrary to a wide-accepted assumption about the decisive role of driver over-reaction for breakdown in vehicular traffic, we have shown that the cause of the breakdown is driver over-acceleration, not driver over-reaction. To reach this…