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The distinguishing chromatic number, $\chi_D(G)$, of a graph $G$ is the smallest number of colors in a proper coloring, $\varphi$, of $G$, such that the only automorphism of $G$ that preserves all colors of $\varphi$ is the identity map.…

组合数学 · 数学 2018-10-18 Daniel W. Cranston

In an improper colouring an edge $uv$ for which, $c(u)=c(v)$ is called a \emph{bad edge}. The notion of the \emph{chromatic completion number} of a graph $G$ denoted by $\zeta(G),$ is the maximum number of edges over all chromatic…

综合数学 · 数学 2018-11-01 Eunice Mphako-Banda , Johan Kok

The distinguishing number $D(G)$ of a graph $G$ is the least integer $d$ such that $G$ has a vertex labeling with $d$ labels that is preserved only by a trivial automorphism. The distinguishing stability, of a graph $G$ is denoted by…

组合数学 · 数学 2016-09-26 Saeid Alikhani , Samaneh Soltani

Let $G$ be a simple graph. The dominated coloring of $G$ is a proper coloring of $G$ such that each color class is dominated by at least one vertex. The minimum number of colors needed for a dominated coloring of $G$ is called the dominated…

组合数学 · 数学 2019-10-10 Saeid Alikhani , Mohammad R. Piri

A dynamic coloring of a graph $G$ is a proper coloring such that for every vertex $v\in V(G)$ of degree at least 2, the neighbors of $v$ receive at least 2 colors. It was conjectured [B. Montgomery. {\em Dynamic coloring of graphs}. PhD…

组合数学 · 数学 2011-10-25 Meysam Alishahi

A coloring of the edges of a graph $G$ is strong if each color class is an induced matching of $G$. The strong chromatic index of $G$, denoted by $\chi_{s}^{\prime}(G)$, is the least number of colors in a strong edge coloring of $G$. In…

组合数学 · 数学 2016-08-11 Michał Dębski , Jarosław Grytczuk , Małgorzata Śleszyńska-Nowak

The strong chromatic index of a graph $G$, denoted $\chi_s'(G)$, is the least number of colors needed to edge-color $G$ so that edges at distance at most two receive distinct colors. The strong list chromatic index, denoted…

A 2-hued coloring of a graph $G$ (also known as conditional $(k, 2)$-coloring and dynamic coloring) is a coloring such that for every vertex $v\in V(G)$ of degree at least $2$, the neighbors of $v$ receive at least $2$ colors. The smallest…

组合数学 · 数学 2017-02-06 Arash Ahadi , Ali Dehghan

We discuss the minimal number of vertices in a graph with a large chromatic number such that each ball of a fixed radius in it has a small chromatic number. It is shown that for every graph $G$ on $\sim((n+rc)/(c+rc))^{r+1}$ vertices such…

组合数学 · 数学 2014-02-03 Ilya I. Bogdanov

The chromatic threshold delta_chi(H) of a graph H is the infimum of d>0 such that there exists C=C(H,d) for which every H-free graph G with minimum degree at least d|G| satisfies chi(G)<C. We prove that delta_chi(H) \in {(r-3)/(r-2),…

The closed neighborhood conflict-free chromatic number of a graph $G$, denoted by $\chi_{CN}(G)$, is the minimum number of colors required to color the vertices of $G$ such that for every vertex, there is a color that appears exactly once…

组合数学 · 数学 2021-03-10 Sriram Bhyravarapu , Subrahmanyam Kalyanasundaram , Rogers Mathew

A proper edge coloring of a simple graph $G$ is called a vertex distinguishing edge coloring (vdec) if for any two distinct vertices $u$ and $v$ of $G$, the set of the colors assigned to the edges incident to $u$ differs from the set of the…

组合数学 · 数学 2016-01-13 Songling Shan , Bing Yao

The packing chromatic number $\chi_{\rho}(G)$ of a graph $G$ is the smallest integer $k$ such that there exists a $k$-vertex coloring of $G$ in which any two vertices receiving color $i$ are at distance at least $i+1$. It is proved that in…

组合数学 · 数学 2016-08-22 Boštjan Brešar , Sandi Klavžar , Douglas F. Rall , Kirsti Wash

An adjacent vertex distinguishing coloring of a graph G is a proper edge coloring of G such that any pair of adjacent vertices are incident with distinct sets of colors. The minimum number of colors needed for an adjacent vertex…

组合数学 · 数学 2012-08-14 Lianzhu Zhang , Weifan Wang , Ko-Wei Lih

A star edge coloring of a graph $G$ is a proper edge coloring of $G$ without bichromatic paths or cycles of length four. The it star chromatic index, $\chi_{st}^{'} (G ),$ of $G$ is the minimum number $k$ for which $G$ has a star edge…

组合数学 · 数学 2020-06-02 Xingchao Deng , Qingye Yao , Yanbing Zhang , Xudong Cui

The packing chromatic number $\chi_{\rho}(G)$ of a graph $G$ is the smallest integer $k$ such that the vertex set of $G$ can be partitioned into sets $V_i$, $i\in [k]$, where vertices in $V_i$ are pairwise at distance at least $i+1$.…

组合数学 · 数学 2023-06-22 Sandi Klavžar , Douglas F. Rall

The chromatic number $\chi(G)$ of a graph $G$, that is, the smallest number of colors required to color the vertices of $G$ so that no two adjacent vertices are assigned the same color, is a classic and extensively studied parameter. Here…

组合数学 · 数学 2021-04-23 Anders Martinsson , Konstantinos Panagiotou , Pascal Su , Miloš Trujić

The {\em packing chromatic number} $\chi_{\rho}(G)$ of a graph $G$ is the least integer $k$ for which there exists a mapping $f$ from $V(G)$ to $\{1,2,\ldots ,k\}$ such that any two vertices of color $i$ are at distance at least $i+1$. This…

离散数学 · 计算机科学 2014-02-21 Olivier Togni

A 1-selection $f$ of a graph $G$ is a function $f: V(G)\rightarrow E(G)$ such that $f(v)$ is incident to $v$ for every vertex $v$. The 1-removed $G_f$ is the graph $(V(G),E(G)\setminus f[V(G)])$. The (1-)robust chromatic number $\chi_1(G)$…

组合数学 · 数学 2023-05-04 Gábor Bacsó , Csilla Bujtás , Balázs Patkós , Zsolt Tuza , Máté Vizer

The chromatic index $\chi'(G)$ of a graph $G$ is the smallest $k$ for which $G$ admits an edge $k$-coloring such that any two adjacent edges have distinct colors. The strong chromatic index $\chi'_s(G)$ of $G$ is the smallest $k$ such that…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-01-22 Yiqiao Wang , Ning Song , Jianfeng Wang , Weifan Wang