物理与社会
Our understanding of gender differences in mobility is marked by a clear tension: surveys portray women's movements as more complex than men's, while digital traces suggest less diverse travel. Here, we resolve the contradiction by modeling…
The 15-minute city is a powerful planning concept to counter car-dependence by promoting active mobility to amenities and fostering inclusive urban environments. However, this policy has challenges in amenity-poor urban peripheries. Public…
A rapid expansion of system flexibility is essential to integrate increasing shares of renewable energy into future energy systems. However, flexibility needs and technology-specific contributions to flexibility remain poorly quantified in…
Face-to-face interactions reveal recurring patterns, suggesting the possibility of shared underlying mechanisms. More specifically, inter-contact durations, contact durations and number of contacts per edge share similar heavy-tail…
Machine learning has become a useful tool for studying phase transitions in statistical systems.For the two-dimensional classical XY model, however, the topological character of the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) transition and…
Pedestrian safety at midblock crossings is a critical concern in mixed traffic environments where autonomous vehicles (AVs) and human-driven vehicles (HDVs) share the road. Pedestrians often infer intent from vehicle motion in AV…
UEFA declares that it is committed to respecting the fundamental values of sports. However, the qualification rules of the post-2024 UEFA Champions League are shown to be unfair: a game with misaligned incentives was narrowly avoided in the…
The Council of the European Union (EU) is one of the main decision-making bodies of the EU. A number of decisions require a qualified majority, the support of 55% of the member states (currently 15) that represent at least 65% of the total…
Urban deprivation is traditionally measured using static, residence-based indicators, capturing the socioeconomic, demographic, and spatial conditions of neighborhoods. However, this approach overlooks how daily movement allows residents to…
This study investigates the interconnectivity of firms and Environmental Justice Organizations (EJOs) involved in socio-environmental conflicts worldwide, using data from the Environmental Justice Atlas (EJAtlas). By constructing a…
Network-based approaches have become increasingly prominent in science education research as tools for analysing relational structures in learning, teaching, and knowledge production. This review presents a PRISMA-informed scoping analysis…
The proliferation of diverse, high-leverage trading instruments in modern financial markets presents a complex, "noisy" environment, leading to a critical question: which trading strategies are evolutionarily viable? To investigate this, we…
We present a concise dynamical picture of infant-driven household chaos. The framework has three postulations: recurrent daily chaos, overall entropy growth in household organization, and transient local ordering episodes with switching…
Large-scale hazards affect societies not only through direct physical impacts but also through emotions that spread across populations. Fueled by social amplification and networked communication, collective emotions often diverge markedly…
Understanding how reliable information emerges in interconnected populations is a challenge in social science, network theory and data analysis. Many existing approaches model treat truth as an external reference or a property of individual…
Partition logics -- non-Boolean event structures obtained by pasting Boolean algebras -- provide a natural language for situations in which a system has a definite latent state but can be accessed and resolved only through mutually…
Gender disparities in academia manifest and persist in various aspects of the scientific enterprise, yet their influence on the interplay between research productivity and journal prestige remains underexplored. Here we analyze the academic…
Baseball consists of two teams alternating between batting and fielding while competing to score runs through sequential pitching events. Recent advances in tracking technology have enabled all Major League Baseball (MLB) clubs to record…
Synchronization systems with effective inertia, such as power grid networks and coupled electromechanical oscillators, are commonly modeled by the second-order Kuramoto model. In the forward process, numerical simulations exhibit a…
Counting the number of isomers of a chemical molecule is one of the formative problems of graph theory. However, recent progress has been slow, and the problem has largely been ignored in modern network science. Here we provide an…