随机正交矩阵的Fisher信息由高斯矩阵近似
概率论
2025-04-16 v1
摘要
设Γ n {\Gamma}_n Γ n 为n × n n\times n n × n 的Haar不变正交矩阵。设Z n { Z}_n Z n 为Γ n {\Gamma}_n Γ n 的左上p × q p\times q p × q 子矩阵,G n {G}_n G n 为p × q p\times q p × q 矩阵,其p q pq pq 个元素为独立标准正态分布,其中p p p 和q q q 为两个正整数。设L ( n Z n ) \mathcal{L}(\sqrt{n} {Z}_n) L ( n Z n ) 和L ( G n ) \mathcal{L}({G}_n) L ( G n ) 分别为n Z n \sqrt{n} {Z}_n n Z n 和G n {G}_n G n 的联合分布。考虑L ( n Z n ) \mathcal{L}(\sqrt{n} {Z}_n) L ( n Z n ) 和L ( G n ) \mathcal{L}({G}_n) L ( G n ) 之间的Fisher信息 I ( L ( n Z n ) ∣ L ( G n ) ) I(\mathcal{L}(\sqrt{n} {Z}_n)|\mathcal{L}(G_n)) I ( L ( n Z n ) ∣ L ( G n )) 。本文我们得出结论,当p q = o ( n ) pq=o(n) pq = o ( n ) 时,I ( L ( n Z n ) ∣ L ( G n ) ) ⟶ 0 I(\mathcal{L}(\sqrt{n} {Z}_n)|\mathcal{L}(G_n))\longrightarrow 0 I ( L ( n Z n ) ∣ L ( G n )) ⟶ 0 ,而当c = lim n → ∞ p q n ∈ ( 0 , + ∞ ) c=\lim\limits_{n\to\infty}\frac{pq}{n}\in(0, +\infty) c = n → ∞ lim n pq ∈ ( 0 , + ∞ ) 时,则不趋于零。精确地,我们得到当p = o ( n ) p=o(n) p = o ( n ) 时,I ( L ( n Z n ) ∣ L ( G n ) ) = p 2 q ( q + 1 ) 4 n 2 ( 1 + o ( 1 ) ) I(\mathcal{L}(\sqrt{n} {Z}_n)|\mathcal{L}(G_n))=\frac{p^2q(q+1)}{4n^2}(1+o(1)) I ( L ( n Z n ) ∣ L ( G n )) = 4 n 2 p 2 q ( q + 1 ) ( 1 + o ( 1 )) 。
引用
@article{arxiv.2504.10887,
title = {Fisher information approximation of random orthogonal matrices by Gaussian matrices},
author = {Yutong Chen and Yutao Ma and Shuhong Xie and Zhuoya Yao},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2504.10887},
year = {2025}
}
备注
18 pages