相关论文: Braid forcing and star-shaped train tracks
Li-York theorem tells us that a period 3 orbit for a continuous map of the interval into itself implies the existence of a periodic orbit of every period. This paper concerns an analogue of the theorem for homeomorphisms of the…
The Decoration Conjecture describes the structure of the set of braid types of Smale's horseshoe map ordered by forcing, providing information about the order in which periodic orbits can appear when a horseshoe is created. A proof of this…
The forcing relation of braids has been introduced for a 2-dimensional analogue of the Sharkovskii order on periods for maps of the interval. In this paper, by making use of the Nielsen fixed point theory and a representation of braid…
In this paper we deal with the Boyland order of horseshoe orbits. We prove that there exists a set $\mathcal{R}$ of renormalizable horseshoe orbits containing only quasi-one-dimensional ones, that is, for these orbits the Boyland order…
An important problem in the dynamics of surface homeomorphisms is determining the forcing relation between orbits. The forcing relation between periodic orbits can be computed using standard algorithms, though this does not give much…
We develop a new approach to the linear ordering of the braid group $B\_n$, based on investigating its restriction to the set $\Div(\Delta\_n^d)$ of all divisors of $\Delta\_n^d$ in the monoid $B\_\infty^+$, i.e., to positive $n$-braids…
We give an explicit geometric argument that Artin's braid group $B_n$ is right-orderable. The construction is elementary, natural, and leads to a new, effectively computable, canonical form for braids which we call left-consistent canonical…
When animal groups move coherently in the form of a flock, their trajectories are not all parallel, the individuals exchange their position in the group. In this Letter we introduce a measure of this mixing dynamics, which we quantify as…
In this manuscript, we study braiding properties of worldline configurations for a variety of ground-states of hardcore Bose-Hubbard models in two dimensions. Configurations are collections of particle paths and result from the…
In this paper, we focus our attention on the connections between the braid group and the Nielsen fixed point theory. A new forcing relation between braids is introduced, and shown that it can be fulfilled by using Nielsen fixed point…
The notion of a braided chord diagram is introduced and studied. An equivalence relation is given which identifies all braidings of a fixed chord diagram. It is shown that finite-type invariants are stratified by braid index for knots which…
The relationships between braid ordering and the geometry of its closure is studied. We prove that if an essential closed surface $F$ in the complements of closed braid has relatively small genus with respect to the Dehornoy floor of the…
We prove that for any finite Thurston-type ordering $<_{T}$ on the braid group\ $B_{n}$, the restriction to the positive braid monoid $(B_{n}^{+},<_{T})$ is a\ well-ordered set of order type $\omega^{\omega^{n-2}}$. The proof uses a combi\…
Dehn twists around simple closed curves in oriented surfaces satisfy the braid relations. This gives rise to a group theoretic from the braid group to the mapping class group. We prove here that this map is trivial in stable homology with…
Among the orbit patterns that force only eventually fixed trajectories, we completely describe the forcing relation, by answering the question: which orbit patterns force which others?
We prove that the pure braid groups on closed, orientable surfaces are bi-orderable, and that the pure braid groups on closed, non-orientable surfaces have generalized torsion, thus they are not bi-orderable.
The theory of stationary spatially localized patterns in dissipative systems driven by time-independent forcing is well developed. With time-periodic forcing related but time-dependent structures may result. These may consist of breathing…
This paper concerns on linked periodic orbits of orientation-preserving homeomorphisms of the $2$-disc in the sense of Gambaudo. We interpret the linking of periodic orbits by using their induced braids. Then based on the forcing relation…
We describe the restriction of the Dehornoy ordering of braids to the dual braid monoids introduced by Birman, Ko and Lee: we give an inductive characterization of the ordering of the dual braid monoids and compute the corresponding ordinal…
Spatio-temporal pattern formation in complex systems presents rich nonlinear dynamics which leads to the emergence of periodic nonequilibrium structures. One of the most prominent equations for the theoretical and numerical study of the…