相关论文: Slow nonequilibrium dynamics: parallels between cl…

A system is glassy when the observation time is much smaller than the equilibration time. A unifying thermodynamic picture of the glassy state is presented. Slow configurational modes are in quasi-equilibrium at an effective temperature. It…

Recent numerical simulations of a disordered system (Preprint arXiv:condmat/0307554) have shown the existence of two different relaxational processes (called stimulated and spontaneous) characterizing the relaxation observed in structural…

We investigate the low-temperature dynamics of a simple stochastic model, introduced recently in the context of the physics of glasses. The slowest characteristic time at equilibrium diverges exponentially at low temperature. On smaller…

We describe some interesting effects observed during the evolution of nonequilibrium systems, using domain growth and glassy systems as examples. We breafly discuss the analytical tools that have been recently used to study the dynamics of…

We consider the dynamics of spin facilitated models of glasses in the non-equilibrium aging regime following a sudden quench from high to low temperatures. We briefly review known results obtained for the broad class of kinetically…

We develop a systematic analytic approach to aging effects in quantum disordered systems in contact with an environment. Within the closed-time path-integral formalism we include dissipation by coupling the system to a set of independent…

We show that, in nonequilibrium systems with small heat flows, there is a time-scale dependent effective temperature which plays the same role as the thermodynamical temperature, in that it controls the direction of heat flows and acts as a…

The glass transition, extensively studied in dense fluids, polymers, or colloids, corresponds to a dramatic evolution of equilibrium transport coefficients upon a modest change of control parameter, like temperature or pressure. A similar…

A model glass is considered with one type of fast ($\beta$-type) of processes, and one type of slow processes ($\alpha$-type). On time-scales where the fast ones are in equilibrium, the slow ones have a dynamics that resembles the one of…

The concept of effective temperatures in nonequilibrium systems is studied within an exactly solvable model of non-Markovian diffusion. The system is coupled to two heat baths which are kept at different temperatures: one ('fast') bath…

We introduce an exactly solvable model for glassy dynamics with many relaxational modes, each one characterized by a different relaxational time-scale. Analytical solution of the aging dynamics at low temperatures shows that a…

Slow dynamics in glassy systems is often interpreted as due to thermally activated events between "metastable" states. This emphasizes the role of nonperturbative fluctuations, which is especially dramatic when these fluctuations destroy a…

Tackling the low-temperature fate of supercooled liquids is challenging due to the immense timescales involved, which prevent equilibration and lead to the operational glass transition. Relating glassy behaviour to an underlying,…

The limit of small entropy production is reached in relaxing systems long after preparation, and in stationary driven systems in the limit of small driving power. Surprisingly, for extended systems this limit is not in general the…

We study the glassy dynamics taking place in dense assemblies of athermal active particles that are driven solely by a nonequilibrium self-propulsion mechanism. Active forces are modeled as an Ornstein-Uhlenbeck stochastic process,…

We analyze the validity of the fluctuation-dissipation theorem for slow relaxation systems in the context of mesoscopic nonequilibrium thermodynamics. We demonstrate that the violation arises as a natural consequence of the elimination of…

We show the existence of intermittent dynamics in one of the simplest model of a glassy system: the two-state model, which has been used to explain the origin of the violation of the fluctuation-dissipation theorem. The dynamics is analyzed…

We introduce and solve a model of a thermometric measurement on a driven glassy system in a stationary state. We show that a thermometer with a sufficiently slow response measures a temperature higher than that of the environment, but that…

These lecture notes can be read in two ways. The first two Sections contain a review of the phenomenology of several physical systems with slow nonequilibrium dynamics. In the Conclusions we summarize the scenario derived from the solution…

In order to describe the thermodynamics of the glassy systems it has been recently introduced an extra parameter also called effective temperature which generalizes the fluctuation-dissipation theorem (FDT) to systems off-equilibrium and…