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We develop an improved bound for the chromatic number of graphs of maximum degree $\Delta$ under the assumption that the number of edges spanning any neighbourhood is at most $(1-\sigma)\binom{\Delta}{2}$ for some fixed $0<\sigma<1$. The…

组合数学 · 数学 2022-09-13 Eoin Hurley , Rémi de Joannis de Verclos , Ross J. Kang

Let H be any graph. We determine (up to an additive constant) the minimum degree of a graph G which ensures that G has a perfect H-packing (also called an H-factor). More precisely, let delta(H,n) denote the smallest integer t such that…

组合数学 · 数学 2008-02-01 Daniela Kühn , Deryk Osthus

A 2-hued coloring of a graph $G$ (also known as conditional $(k, 2)$-coloring and dynamic coloring) is a coloring such that for every vertex $v\in V(G)$ of degree at least $2$, the neighbors of $v$ receive at least $2$ colors. The smallest…

组合数学 · 数学 2017-02-06 Arash Ahadi , Ali Dehghan

We prove that for any graph $G$, the total chromatic number of $G$ is at most $\Delta(G)+2\left\lceil \frac{|V(G)|}{\Delta(G)+1} \right\rceil$. This saves one color in comparison with a result of Hind from 1992. In particular, our result…

组合数学 · 数学 2024-05-14 Aseem Dalal , Jessica McDonald , Songling Shan

An edge colouring $c$ of a graph $G$ is called conflic-free if every non-isolated edge of $G$ has a uniquely coloured neighbour in its open edge neighbourhood. The least number of colours admitting such a colouring is denoted by $\chi'_{\rm…

组合数学 · 数学 2026-01-27 Mateusz Kamyczura , Jakub Przybyło

The Total Colouring Conjecture suggests that $\Delta+3$ colours ought to suffice in order to provide a proper total colouring of every graph $G$ with maximum degree $\Delta$. Thus far this has been confirmed up to an additive constant…

组合数学 · 数学 2017-03-02 Jakub Przybyło

For a graph $G$, by $\chi_2(G)$ we denote the minimum integer $k$, such that there is a $k$-coloring of the vertices of $G$ in which vertices at distance at most 2 receive distinct colors. Equivalently, $\chi_2(G)$ is the chromatic number…

组合数学 · 数学 2021-05-25 Mateusz Krzyziński , Paweł Rzążewski , Szymon Tur

The \textit{$r$-dynamic choosability} of a graph $G$, written ${\rm ch}_r(G)$, is the least $k$ such that whenever each vertex is assigned a list of at least $k$ colors a proper coloring can be chosen from the lists so that every vertex $v$…

组合数学 · 数学 2018-01-24 Jaehoon Kim , Seongmin Ok

Let $mad(G)$ denote the maximum average degree (over all subgraphs) of $G$ and let $\chi_i(G)$ denote the injective chromatic number of $G$. We prove that if $mad(G) \leq 5/2$, then $\chi_i(G)\leq\Delta(G) + 1$; and if $mad(G) < 42/19$,…

组合数学 · 数学 2011-10-12 Daniel W. Cranston , Seog-Jin Kim , Gexin Yu

A vertex coloring of a graph is said to be \textit{conflict-free} with respect to neighborhoods if for every non-isolated vertex there is a color appearing exactly once in its (open) neighborhood. As defined in [Fabrici et al.,…

组合数学 · 数学 2022-03-03 Yair Caro , Mirko Petruševski , Riste Škrekovski

An adjacent vertex distinguishing coloring of a graph G is a proper edge coloring of G such that any pair of adjacent vertices are incident with distinct sets of colors. The minimum number of colors needed for an adjacent vertex…

组合数学 · 数学 2012-08-14 Lianzhu Zhang , Weifan Wang , Ko-Wei Lih

In this paper we show that every graph $G$ of bounded maximum average degree ${\rm mad}(G)$ and with maximum degree $\Delta$ can be edge-colored using the optimal number of $\Delta$ colors in quasilinear time, whenever $\Delta\ge 2{\rm…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2024-07-08 Lukasz Kowalik

Coloring a graph $G$ consists in finding an assignment of colors $c: V(G)\to\{1,\ldots,p\}$ such that any pair of adjacent vertices receives different colors. The minimum integer $p$ such that a coloring exists is called the chromatic…

离散数学 · 计算机科学 2019-12-25 Théo Pierron

The conflict-free chromatic index of a graph $G$ is the minimum number of colours in an edge colouring of $G$ such that the neighbourhood of every edge contains a colour appearing exactly once. Its vertex analogue is the conflict-free…

组合数学 · 数学 2026-04-27 Mateusz Kamyczura , Jakub Przybyło

Let $G$ be a simple graph with maximum degree $\Delta$. We call $G$ \emph{overfull} if $|E(G)|>\Delta \lfloor |V(G)|/2\rfloor$. The \emph{core} of $G$, denoted $G_{\Delta}$, is the subgraph of $G$ induced by its vertices of degree $\Delta$.…

组合数学 · 数学 2020-04-03 Yan Cao , Guantao Chen , Guangming Jing , Songling Shan

Given a graph $G$, a colouring of $G$ is \emph{acyclic} if it is a proper colouring of $G$ and every cycle contains at least three colours. Its acyclic chromatic number $\chi_a(G)$ is the minimum~$k$ such that an acyclic $k$-colouring of…

组合数学 · 数学 2026-02-12 Quentin Chuet , Johanne Cohen , François Pirot

For any graph $G$, the First-Fit (or Grundy) chromatic number of $G$, denoted by $\chi_{_{\sf FF}}(G)$, is defined as the maximum number of colors used by the First-Fit (greedy) coloring of the vertices of $G$. We call a family…

组合数学 · 数学 2016-05-16 Manouchehr Zaker

For a graph $G$, the \emph{equitable chromatic number} of $G$, denoted by $\chi_e(G)$, is the smallest integer $k$ such that $G$ admits a proper $k$-coloring whose color classes differ in size by at most one. We prove that for every…

组合数学 · 数学 2026-04-08 Amir Nikabadi

A strong edge coloring of a graph is a proper edge coloring in which every color class is an induced matching. The strong chromatic index $\chi_s'(G)$ of a graph $G$ is the minimum number of colors in a strong edge coloring of $G$. Let…

组合数学 · 数学 2018-02-20 Tao Wang , Xiaodan Zhao

We show that for any fixed integer $m \geq 1$, a graph of maximum degree $\Delta$ has a coloring with $O(\Delta^{(m+1)/m})$ colors in which every connected bicolored subgraph contains at most $m$ edges. This result unifies previously known…

组合数学 · 数学 2022-09-28 Peter Bradshaw