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The theory of greedy-like bases started in 1999 when S. V. Konyagin and V. N. Temlyakov introduced in \cite{KT} the famous Thresholding Greedy Algorithm. Since this year, different greedy-like bases appeared in the literature, as for…

The following magic trick is at the center of this paper. While the audience writes the first ten terms of a Fibonacci-like sequence (the sequence following the same recursion as the Fibonacci sequence), the magician calculates the sum of…

If $x$ is a non-empty string then the repetition $xx$ is called a tandem repeat. Similarly, a tandem in a two dimensional array $X$ is a configuration consisting of a same primitive block $W$ that touch each other with one side or corner.…

As is well-known, the ratio of adjacent Fibonacci numbers tends to phi = (1 + sqrt(5))/2, and the ratio of adjacent Tribonacci numbers (where each term is the sum of the three preceding numbers) tends to the real root eta of X^3 - X^2 - X -…

The nature of the alignment with gaps corresponding to a longest common subsequence (LCS) of two independent iid random sequences drawn from a finite alphabet is investigated. It is shown that such an optimal alignment typically matches…

Given a real number $\tau$, we study the approximation of $\tau$ by signed harmonic sums $\sigma_N(\tau) := \sum_{n \leq N}{s_n(\tau)}/n$, where the sequence of signs $(s_N(\tau))_{N \in\mathbb{N}}$ is defined "greedily" by setting…

A $k$-submodular function naturally generalizes submodular functions by taking as input $k$ disjoint subsets, rather than a single subset. Unlike standard submodular maximization, which only requires selecting elements for the solution,…

We derive several identities for arbitrary homogeneous second order recurrence sequences with constant coefficients. The results are then applied to present a unified study of six well known integer sequences, namely the Fibonacci sequence,…

We study the problem of selecting a subset of k random variables from a large set, in order to obtain the best linear prediction of another variable of interest. This problem can be viewed in the context of both feature selection and sparse…

It is known that a basis is almost greedy if and only if the thresholding greedy algorithm gives essentially the smallest error term compared to errors from projections onto intervals or in other words, consecutive terms of $\mathbb{N}$. In…

Test set with redundancy is one of the focuses in recent bioinformatics research. Set cover greedy algorithm (SGA for short) is a commonly used algorithm for test set with redundancy. This paper proves that the approximation ratio of SGA…

We show that the de Bruijn-Erd\H{o}s condition for the error term in their improvement of Fekete's Lemma is not only sufficient but also necessary in the following strong sense. Suppose that given a sequence $0\leq f(1)\leq f(2)\leq…

Let $(F_n)_{n\geq 0}$ be the Fibonacci sequence given by the recurrence $F_{n+2}=F_{n+1}+F_n$, for $n\geq 0$, where $F_0=0$ and $F_1=1$. There are several generalizations of this sequence and also several interesting identities. In this…

We show that, if an integer sequence is given by a linear recurrence of constant rational coefficients, then it can be represented as the difference of two arithmetic terms with exponentiation, which do not contain any irrational constant.…

The design of uniformly spread sequences on $[0,1)$ has been extensively studied since the work of Weyl and van der Corput in the early $20^{\text{th}}$ century. The current best sequences are based on the Kronecker sequence with golden…

Policy evaluation in reinforcement learning is often conducted using two-timescale stochastic approximation, which results in various gradient temporal difference methods such as GTD(0), GTD2, and TDC. Here, we provide convergence rate…

Let $ k \geq 2 $ be an integer. The $ k- $generalized Fibonacci sequence is a sequence defined by the recurrence relation $ F_{n}^{(k)}=F_{n-1}^{(k)} + \cdots + F_{n-k}^{(k)}$ for all $ n \geq 2$ with the initial values $ F_{i}^{(k)}=0 $…

A generalization of the well-known Fibonacci sequence is the $k$-Fibonacci sequence with some fixed integer $k\ge 2$. The first $k$ terms of this sequence are $0,0, \ldots, 1$, and each term afterwards is the sum of the preceding $k$ terms.…

The Longest Common Subsequence (LCS) is a fundamental string similarity measure, and computing the LCS of two strings is a classic algorithms question. A textbook dynamic programming algorithm gives an exact algorithm in quadratic time, and…

Given an infinite word, enumerating its factors is an important exercise for understanding the structure of the word. The process of finding all the factors is quite tricky for two-dimensional words. In this paper, two possible ways of…