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We prove that for any automorphism $\alpha$ of a free group F of finite rank, one can efficiently compute a basis of the fixed point subgroup Fix(\alpha).

We describe the endomorphisms of the direct product of two free groups of finite rank and obtain conditions for which the subgroup of fixed points is finitely generated and we do the same for periodic points. We also describe the…

Let $F$ be a finitely generated free group. We present an algorithm such that, given a subgroup $H\leqslant F$, decides whether $H$ is the fixed subgroup of some family of automorphisms, or family of endomorphisms of $F$ and, in the…

A fixed point theorem is proved for inverse transducers, leading to an automata-theoretic proof of the fixed point subgroup of an endomorphism of a finitely generated virtually free group being finitely generated. If the endomorphism is…

Let F_2 denote the free group of rank 2. Our main technical result of independent interest is: for any element u of F_2, there is g in F_2 such that no cyclically reduced image of u under an automorphism of F_2 contains g as a subword. We…

The equaliser of a set of homomorphisms $S: F(a, b)\rightarrow F(\Delta)$ has rank at most two if $S$ contains an injective map, and is not finitely generated otherwise. This proves a strong form of Stallings' Equaliser Conjecture for the…

We consider the subgroup of points of finite orbit through the action of an endomorphism of a virtually free group, with particular emphasis on the subgroup of eventually fixed points, EvFix($\varphi$): points whose orbit contains a fixed…

Let $K$ be a field and $f:\mathbb{P}^N \to \mathbb{P}^N$ a morphism. There is a natural conjugation action on the space of such morphisms by elements of the projective linear group $\text{PGL}_{N+1}$. The group of automorphisms, or…

It is shown, for a given graph group $G$, that the fixed point subgroup Fix$\,\varphi$ is finitely generated for every endomorphism $\varphi$ of $G$ if and only if $G$ is a free product of free abelian groups. The same conditions hold for…

This paper studies the free group of rank two from the point of view of Stallings core graphs. The first half of the paper examines primitive elements in this group, giving new and self-contained proofs for various known results about them.…

Let $F$ be a free group of finite rank. We say that the monomorphism problem in $F$ is decidable if for any two elements $u$ and $v$ in $F$, there is an algorithm that determines whether there exists a monomorphism of $F$ that sends $u$ to…

For given natural numbers $d_1,d_2$ let $\Omega_2(d_1,d_2)$ be the set off all polynomial mappings $F=(f,g):\mathbb{C}^2\to\mathbb{C}^2$ such that deg $f\le d_1$, deg $g\le d_2$. We say that the mapping $F$ is topologically stable in…

We give a simple algorithm to solve the subgroup membership problem for virtually free groups. For a fixed virtually free group with a fixed generating set $X$, the subgroup membership problem is uniformly solvable in time $O(n\log^*(n))$…

We show that the following problems are decidable in a rank 2 free group F_2: does a given finitely generated subgroup H contain primitive elements? and does H meet the orbit of a given word u under the action of G, the group of…

Let $F_n$ be a free group of rank $n$. In this paper we discuss three algorithmic problems related to automorphisms of $F_2$. A word $u$ of $F_n$ is called positive if $u$ does not have negative exponents. A word $u$ in $F_n$ is called…

We consider IA-endomorphisms (i.e., Identical in Abelianization) of a free metabelian group of finite rank, and give a matrix characterization of their fixed points which is similar to (yet different from) the well-known characterization of…

In this paper, we explore the behaviour of the fixed subgroups of endomorphisms of free-abelian times free (FATF) groups. We exhibit an algorithm which, given a finitely generated subgroup $\mathcal{H}$ of a FATF group $\mathcal{G}$,…

For an automorphism $\phi$ of a free group $F_n$ of rank $n$, Bestvina and Handel showed that the rank $rk Fix(\phi)$ of the fixed subgroup is not greater than $n$ (the so-called Scott conjecture). Soon after Bestvina and Handel's…

For a mixing shift of finite type, the associated automorphism group has a rich algebraic structure, and yet we have few criteria to distinguish when two such groups are isomorphic. We introduce a stabilization of the automorphism group,…

Saddle fixed points are the centerpieces of complicated dynamics in a system. The one-dimensional stable and unstable manifolds of these saddle-points are crucial to understanding the dynamics of such systems. While the problem of sketching…