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Planar Tur\'an number, denoted by $ex_{\mathcal{P}}(n,H)$, is the maximum number of edges in an $n$-vertex planar graph which does not contain $H$ as a subgraph. Ghosh, Gy\H{o}ri, Paulos and Xiao initiated the topic of the planar Tur\'an…

组合数学 · 数学 2024-06-11 Xin Xu , Qiang Zhou , Tong Li , Guiying Yan

An edge-colored graph $F$ is {\it rainbow} if each edge of $F$ has a unique color. The {\it rainbow Tur\'an number} $\mathrm{ex}^*(n,F)$ of a graph $F$ is the maximum possible number of edges in a properly edge-colored $n$-vertex graph with…

组合数学 · 数学 2020-09-02 Anastasia Halfpap , Cory Palmer

Given a graph $F$, the random Tur\'an problem asks to determine the maximum number of edges in an $F$-free subgraph of $G_{n,p}$. Prior to this work, the only bipartite graphs $F$ with known tight bounds included certain classes of complete…

组合数学 · 数学 2026-04-03 Sean Longbrake , Sam Spiro

We say a hypergraph $\mathcal{H}$ contains a graph $G$ as trace if there exists a vertex subset $S \subseteq V(\mathcal{H})$ such that $|S| = V(G)$ and $\{e \cap S \mid e \in E(\mathcal{H})\}$ contains $G$ as a subgraph. We use…

组合数学 · 数学 2026-03-03 Yichen Wang , Xin Cheng , Ervin Győri , Yuanpei Wang , Xiamiao Zhao , Junpeng Zhou

Let $\mathcal{H}$ be a set of graphs. The planar Tur\'an number, $ex_\mathcal{P}(n,\mathcal{H})$, is the maximum number of edges in an $n$-vertex planar graph which does not contain any member of $\mathcal{H}$ as a subgraph. When…

组合数学 · 数学 2023-08-21 Ervin Győri , Alan Li , Runtian Zhou

For graphs $H_1$ and $H_2$, if we glue them by identifying a given pair of vertices $u \in V(H_1)$ and $v \in V(H_2)$, what is the extremal number of the resulting graph $H_1^u \odot H_2^v$? In this paper, we study this problem and show…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-11-07 Zichao Dong , Jun Gao , Hong Liu

A classical conjecture of Erd\H{o}s and S\'os asks to determine the Tur\'an number of a tree. We consider variants of this problem in the settings of hypergraphs and multi-hypergraphs. In particular, for all $k$ and $r$, with $r \ge k…

组合数学 · 数学 2020-04-16 Ervin Győri , Nika Salia , Casey Tompkins , Oscar Zamora

For two graphs $F$ and $H$, the relative Tur\'{a}n number $\mathrm{ex}(H,F)$ is the maximum number of edges in an $F$-free subgraph of $H$. Foucaud, Krivelevich, and Perarnau \cite{FKP} and Perarnau and Reed \cite{PR} studied these…

组合数学 · 数学 2021-06-18 Sam Spiro , Jacques Verstraëte

The Tur\'an number of a graph H, ex(n,H), is the maximum number of edges in a graph on n vertices which does not have H as a subgraph. Let P_k be the path with k vertices, the square P^2_k of P_k is obtained by joining the pairs of vertices…

组合数学 · 数学 2019-12-06 Chuanqi Xiao , Gyula O. H. Katona , Jimeng Xiao , Oscar Zamora

For fixed graphs $H$ and $F$, the \emph{generalized Tur\'an number} $\mathrm{ex}(n,H,F)$ is the maximum possible number of copies of a subgraph $H$ in an $n$-vertex $F$-free graph. This article is a survey of this extremal function whose…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-06-05 Dániel Gerbner , Cory Palmer

Let $H$ be a nonempty graph. A graph is $H$-free if it does not contain any copy of $H$ as a subgraph. The outerplanar Tur\'{a}n number of $H$, denoted by $ex_{_\mathcal{OP}}(n,H)$, is the maximum number of edges among all $H$-free…

组合数学 · 数学 2026-05-19 Chaofan Zhang , Yongxin Lan , Changqing Xu

The planar Tur\'an number of $H$, denoted by $ex_{\mathcal{P}}(n,H)$, is the maximum number of edges in an $n$-vertex $H$-free planar graph. The planar Tur\'an number of $k(k\geq 3)$ vertex-disjoint union of cycles is the trivial value…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-05-23 Xinzhe Song , Guiying Yan , Qiang Zhou

A graph is outerplanar if it can be embedded in a plane such that all vertices lie on its outer face. The outerplanar Tur\'{a}n number of a given graph $H$, denoted by ${\rm ex}_{\mathcal{OP}}(n,H)$, is the maximum number of edges over all…

组合数学 · 数学 2021-10-22 Longfei Fang , Mingqing Zhai

The odd-ballooning of a graph $G$, denoted by $G_q$, is the graph obtained from replacing each edge in $G$ by a odd cycle of the same size where the new vertices of the odd cycles are all different. In 2002, Erd\"os et al. determined the…

组合数学 · 数学 2023-06-19 Tao Fang , Xiying Yuan

Generalized Tur\'an problems have been a central topic of study in extremal combinatorics throughout the last few decades. One such problem, maximizing the number of cliques of a fixed order in a graph with fixed number of vertices and…

组合数学 · 数学 2021-06-10 Debsoumya Chakraborti , Da Qi Chen

A graph is outerplanar if it has a planar drawing for which all vertices belong to the outer face of the drawing. Let $H$ be a graph. The outerplanar Tur\'an number of $H$, denoted by $ex_\mathcal{OP}(n,H)$, is the maximum number of edges…

组合数学 · 数学 2023-10-03 Ervin Győri , Guilherme Zeus Dantas e Moura , Runtian Zhou

The Tur\'an number of a $k$-uniform hypergraph $H$, denoted by $e{x_k}\left({n;H} \right)$, is the maximum number of edges in any $k$-uniform hypergraph $F$ on $n$ vertices which does not contain $H$ as a subgraph. Let…

组合数学 · 数学 2013-05-24 Ran Gu , Xueliang Li , Yongtang Shi

Given a graph $F$, an $r$-uniform hypergraph $\mathcal{H}$ is a {\em Berge-$F$} if there is a bijection $\phi:E(F)\to E(\mathcal{H})$ such that $e\subseteq \phi(e)$ for each $e\in E(F)$. Given a family $\mathcal{F}$ of $r$-uniform…

组合数学 · 数学 2026-01-27 Yichen Wang , Zixuan Yang , Xiamiao Zhao , Yuhang Bai , Junpeng Zhou

For graphs $H$ and $F$, the generalized Tur\'an number $ex(n,H,F)$ is the largest number of copies of $H$ in an $F$-free graph on $n$ vertices. We say that $H$ is $F$-Tur\'an-good if $ex(n,H,F)$ is the number of copies in the…

组合数学 · 数学 2020-12-24 Dániel Gerbner

A conjecture of Erd\H{o}s from 1967 asserts that any graph on $n$ vertices which does not contain a fixed $r$-degenerate bipartite graph $F$ has at most $Cn^{2-1/r}$ edges, where $C$ is a constant depending only on $F$. We show that this…

组合数学 · 数学 2019-04-16 Andrzej Grzesik , Oliver Janzer , Zoltán Lóránt Nagy