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A proper vertex-colouring of a graph G is said to be locally identifying if for any pair u,v of adjacent vertices with distinct closed neighbourhoods, the sets of colours in the closed neighbourhoods of u and v are different. We show that…

组合数学 · 数学 2012-05-04 Florent Foucaud , Iiro Honkala , Tero Laihonen , Aline Parreau , Guillem Perarnau

A \textit{rainbow subgraph} of an edge-colored graph is a subgraph whose edges have distinct colors. The \textit{color degree} of a vertex $v$ is the number of different colors on edges incident to $v$. We show that if $n$ is large enough…

组合数学 · 数学 2012-04-17 Alexandr Kostochka , Florian Pfender , Matthew Yancey

In 2002, Vu conjectured that graphs of maximum degree $\Delta$ and maximum codegree at most $\zeta \Delta$ have chromatic number at most $(\zeta+o(1))\Delta$. Despite its importance, the conjecture has remained widely open. The only direct…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-09-09 Peter Bradshaw , Abhishek Dhawan , Abhishek Methuku , Michael C. Wigal

We prove asymptotically optimal bounds on the number of edges a graph $G$ must have in order that any $r$-colouring of $E(G)$ has a colour class which contains every $D$-degenerate graph on $n$ vertices with bounded maximum degree. We also…

组合数学 · 数学 2022-11-30 Peter Allen , Julia Böttcher

We introduce a variant of the vertex-distinguishing edge coloring problem, where each edge is assigned a subset of colors. The label of a vertex is the union of the sets of colors on edges incident to it. In this paper we investigate the…

离散数学 · 计算机科学 2026-04-17 Nicolas Bousquet , Antoine Dailly , Eric Duchene , Hamamache Kheddouci , Aline Parreau

Let $G$ be an $n$-vertex graph with the maximum degree $\Delta$ and the minimum degree $\delta$. We give algorithms with complexity $O(1.3158^{n-0.7~\Delta(G)})$ and $O(1.32^{n-0.73~\Delta(G)})$ that determines if $G$ is 3-colorable, when…

组合数学 · 数学 2020-09-01 Nicholas Crawford , Sogol Jahanbekam , Katerina Potika

In a graph $G$ of maximum degree $\Delta$ let $\gamma$ denote the largest fraction of edges that can be $\Delta$ edge-coloured. Albertson and Haas showed that $\gamma \geq 13/15$ when $G$ is cubic . We show here that this result can be…

离散数学 · 计算机科学 2012-02-01 Jean-Luc Fouquet , Jean-Marie Vanherpe

A cyclic coloring of a plane graph $G$ is a coloring of its vertices such that vertices incident with the same face have distinct colors. The minimum number of colors in a cyclic coloring of a plane graph $G$ is its cyclic chromatic number…

组合数学 · 数学 2020-09-23 Stanislav Jendrol , Roman Sotak

A 2-hued coloring of a graph $G$ (also known as conditional $(k, 2)$-coloring and dynamic coloring) is a coloring such that for every vertex $v\in V(G)$ of degree at least $2$, the neighbors of $v$ receive at least $2$ colors. The smallest…

组合数学 · 数学 2017-02-06 Arash Ahadi , Ali Dehghan

A strong edge-coloring of a graph $G$ is an edge-coloring such that any two edges of distance at most two receive distinct colors. The minimum number of colors we need in order to give $G$ a strong edge-coloring is called the strong…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-12-30 Runze Wang

Vizing's theorem states that every simple undirected graph can be edge-colored using fewer than $\Delta + 1$ colors, where $\Delta$ is the graph's maximum degree. The original proof was given through a polynomial-time algorithmic procedure…

离散数学 · 计算机科学 2025-12-17 Arohee Bhoja

Let $G=(V_1(G),V_2(G),E(G))$ be a bipartite multigraph, and $R\subseteq V_1(G)\cup V_2(G)$. A proper coloring of edges of $G$ with the colors $1,\ldots,t$ is called interval (respectively, continuous) on $R$, if each color is used for at…

离散数学 · 计算机科学 2014-02-03 A. S. Asratian , R. R. Kamalian

Let $G$ be a graph of order $n$, maximum degree at most $\Delta$, and no component of order $2$. Inspired by the famous 1-2-3-conjecture, Bensmail, Marcille, and Orenga define a proper pushing scheme of $G$ as a function…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-05-09 Dieter Rautenbach , Laurin Schwartze , Florian Werner

A harmonious coloring of $G$ is a proper vertex coloring of $G$ such that every pair of colors appears on at most one pair of adjacent vertices. The harmonious chromatic number of $G$, $h(G)$, is the minimum number of colors needed for a…

组合数学 · 数学 2012-02-07 Saieed Akbari , Jaehoon Kim , Alexandr Kostochka

Let $G$ be an edge-coloured graph. The minimum colour degree $ \delta^c(G) $ of $G$ is the largest integer $k$ such that, for every vertex $v$, there are at least $k$ distinct colours on edges incident to $v$. We say that $G$ is properly…

组合数学 · 数学 2013-12-11 Allan Lo

For an edge-colored complete graph, we define the color degree of a node as the number of colors appearing on edges incident to it. In this paper, we consider colorings that don't contain tricolored triangles (also called rainbow…

组合数学 · 数学 2023-05-01 Anton Trygub

If the vertices of a graph $G$ are colored with $k$ colors such that no adjacent vertices receive the same color and the sizes of any two color classes differ by at most one, then $G$ is said to be equitably $k$-colorable. Let $|G|$ denote…

组合数学 · 数学 2014-08-27 Bor-Liang Chen , Kuo-Ching Huang , Ko-Wei Lih

A harmonious coloring of a $k$-uniform hypergraph $H$ is a vertex coloring such that no two vertices in the same edge have the same color, and each $k$-element subset of colors appears on at most one edge. The harmonious number $h(H)$ is…

组合数学 · 数学 2024-08-07 Sebastian Czerwiński

We consider infinite graphs. The distinguishing number $D(G)$ of a graph $G$ is the minimum number of colours in a vertex colouring of $G$ that is preserved only by the trivial automorphism. An analogous invariant for edge colourings is…

A {\bf $\mathbf{k}$-majority coloring} of a digraph $D=(V,A)$ is a coloring of $V$ with $k$ colors so that each vertex $v\in V$ has at least as many out-neighbours of color different from its own color as it has out-neighbours with the same…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-08-27 Jørgen Bang-Jensen , Francois Pirot , Anders Yeo