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A proper vertex $k$-coloring of a graph $G=(V,E)$ is an assignment $c:V\to \{1,2,\ldots,k\}$ of colors to the vertices of the graph such that no two adjacent vertices are associated with the same color. The square $G^2$ of a graph $G$ is…

组合数学 · 数学 2019-02-22 Hervé Hocquard , Seog-Jin Kim , Théo Pierron

A subset $M$ of the edge set of a graph $G$ is an induced matching of $G$ if given any two $e_1,e_2 \in M$, none of the vertices on $e_1$ is adjacent to any of the vertices on $e_2$. Suppose that $MIM_G$, a positive integer, is the largest…

组合数学 · 数学 2016-11-08 Tayo C. Adefokun , Deborah O. A. Ajayi

An edge-coloring of a graph $G$ with colors $1,2,\ldots,t$ is called an interval $t$-coloring if for each $i\in \{1,2,\ldots,t\}$ there is at least one edge of $G$ colored by $i$, and the colors of edges incident to any vertex of $G$ are…

离散数学 · 计算机科学 2010-08-13 R. R. Kamalian , P. A. Petrosyan

For a fixed graph $H$ on $k$ vertices, and a graph $G$ on at least $k$ vertices, we write $G\rightarrow H$ if in any vertex-coloring of $G$ with $k$ colors, there is an induced subgraph isomorphic to $H$ whose vertices have distinct colors.…

组合数学 · 数学 2016-05-23 Maria Axenovich , Ryan Martin

Given a (proper) vertex coloring $f$ of a graph $G$, say $f\colon V(G)\to \mathbb{N}$, the difference edge labelling induced by $f$ is a function $h\colon E(G)\to \mathbb{N}$ defined as $h(uv)=|f(u)-f(v)|$ for every edge $uv$ of $G$. A…

组合数学 · 数学 2024-07-23 Cyriac Antony , Laavanya D. , Devi Yamini S

We prove that any graph $G$ of minimum degree greater than $2k^2-1$ has a $(k+1)$-connected induced subgraph $H$ such that the number of vertices of $H$ that have neighbors outside of $H$ is at most $2k^2-1$. This generalizes a classical…

组合数学 · 数学 2016-11-04 Irena Penev , Stéphan Thomassé , Nicolas Trotignon

A strong edge-coloring of a graph $G$ is an edge-coloring such that no two edges of distance at most two receive the same color. The strong chromatic index $\chi'_s(G)$ is the minimum number of colors in a strong edge-coloring of $G$. P.…

组合数学 · 数学 2015-10-06 Chuanyun Zang

Let $H=(V(H),E(H))$ be a graph. A $k$-coloring of $H$ is a mapping $\pi : V(H) \longrightarrow \{1,2,\ldots, k\}$, if each color class induces a $K_2$-free subgraph. For a graph $G$ of order at least $2$, a $G$-free $k$-coloring of $H$, is…

组合数学 · 数学 2022-01-13 Yaser Rowshan

A 2-distance k-coloring of a graph G is a mapping from V (G) to the set of colors {1,. .. , k} such that every two vertices at distance at most 2 receive distinct colors. The 2-distance chromatic number $\chi$ 2 (G) of G is then the mallest…

离散数学 · 计算机科学 2016-03-01 Brahim Benmedjdoub , Eric Sopena , Isma Bouchemakh

The smallest integer $k$ needed for the assignment of colors to the elements so that the coloring is proper (vertices and edges) is called the total chromatic number of a graph. Vizing and Behzed conjectured that the total coloring can be…

组合数学 · 数学 2018-12-17 Geetha Jayabalan , Narayanan N , K Somasundaram

A graph G is (a:b)-colorable if there exists an assignment of b-element subsets of {1,...,a} to vertices of G such that sets assigned to adjacent vertices are disjoint. We first show that for every triangle-free planar graph G and a vertex…

组合数学 · 数学 2018-09-17 Zdeněk Dvořák , Xiaolan Hu

\noindent Let $G$ be a simple graph. For any $k\in N$, the $k-$power of $G$ is a simple graph $G^k$ with vertex set $V(G)$ and edge set $\{xy:d_G(x,y)\leq k\}$ and the $k-$subdivision of $G$ is a simple graph $G^{\frac{1}{k}}$, which is…

组合数学 · 数学 2009-02-13 Moharram N. Iradmusa

A proper vertex-colouring of a graph G is said to be locally identifying if for any pair u,v of adjacent vertices with distinct closed neighbourhoods, the sets of colours in the closed neighbourhoods of u and v are different. We show that…

组合数学 · 数学 2012-05-04 Florent Foucaud , Iiro Honkala , Tero Laihonen , Aline Parreau , Guillem Perarnau

Given graphs H_1,...,H_k, we study the minimum order of a graph G such that for each i, the induced copies of H_i in G cover V(G). We prove a general upper bound of twice the sum of the numbers m_i, where m_i is one less than the order of…

组合数学 · 数学 2007-05-23 Zoltan Furedi , Dhruv Mubayi , Douglas B. West

A hamiltonian coloring c of a graph G of order p is an assignment of colors to the vertices of G such that $D(u,v)+|c(u)-c(v)|\geq p-1$ for every two distinct vertices u and v of G, where D(u,v) denoted the detour distance between u and v.…

组合数学 · 数学 2016-09-12 Devsi Bantva

Let $\chi'_\subset(G)$ be the least number of colours necessary to properly colour the edges of a graph $G$ with minimum degree $\delta\geq 2$ so that the set of colours incident with any vertex is not contained in a set of colours incident…

组合数学 · 数学 2019-09-04 Jakub Kwaśny , Jakub Przybyło

Dvo\v{r}\'ak \emph{et al.} introduced a variant of the Randi\'c index of a graph $G$, denoted by $R'(G)$, where $R'(G)=\sum_{uv\in E(G)}\frac 1 {\max\{d(u), d(v)\}}$, and $d(u)$ denotes the degree of a vertex $u$ in $G$. The coloring number…

组合数学 · 数学 2015-11-06 Baoyindureng Wu , Clive Elphick

Alon, Krivelevich, and Sudakov conjectured in 1999 that for every finite graph $F$, there exists a quantity $c(F)$ such that $\chi(G) \leq (c(F) + o(1)) \Delta / \log\Delta$ whenever $G$ is an $F$-free graph of maximum degree $\Delta$. The…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-05-13 James Anderson , Anton Bernshteyn , Abhishek Dhawan

Given a graph $G$, a mutual-visibility coloring of $G$ is introduced as follows. We color two vertices $x,y\in V(G)$ with a same color, if there is a shortest $x,y$-path whose internal vertices have different colors than $x,y$. The smallest…

The pseudo-Grundy index of a graph is the largest number of colors that can be assigned to its edges, such that for every pair of colors $i,j$, if $i < j$ then every edge colored with color $j$ is adjacent to at least one edge colored with…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-10-20 Dolores Lara , Christian Rubio-Montiel , Francisco Zaragoza