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The major challenge in designing a discriminative learning algorithm for predicting structured data is to address the computational issues arising from the exponential size of the output space. Existing algorithms make different assumptions…

We show that every countable group H with solvable word problem (=computable group) can be subnormally embedded into a 2-generated group G which also has solvable word problem. Moreover, the membership problem for H < G is also solvable. We…

We show the existence of rigid combinatorial objects which previously were not known to exist. Specifically, for a wide range of the underlying parameters, we show the existence of non-trivial orthogonal arrays, $t$-designs, and $t$-wise…

In this survey, we address the worst-case, average-case, and generic-case time complexity of the word problem and some other algorithmic problems in several classes of groups and show that it is often the case that the average-case…

The question if a given partial solution to a problem can be extended reasonably occurs in many algorithmic approaches for optimization problems. For instance, when enumerating minimal dominating sets of a graph $G=(V,E)$, one usually…

We construct a class of finitely generated groups which have arbitrarily large conjugacy separability function, but in which the conjugacy problem can be solved in polynomial time, demonstrating that the McKinsey algorithm for the conjugacy…

A braided generalization of the concept of Hopf algebra (quantum group) is presented. The generalization overcomes an inherent geometrical inhomogeneity of quantum groups, in the sense of allowing completely pointless objects. All…

An important subcase of the hidden subgroup problem is equivalent to the shift problem over abelian groups. An efficient solution to the latter problem would serve as a building block of quantum hidden subgroup algorithms over solvable…

We consider the problem of constructing matched groups such that the resulting groups are statistically similar with respect to their average values for multiple covariates. This group-matching problem arises in many cases, including…

We give a complete complexity classification for the problem of finding a solution to a given system of equations over a fixed finite monoid, given that a solution over a more restricted monoid exists. As a corollary, we obtain a complexity…

In this paper we begin the study of set-theoretic type solution of the braid equation. Our theory includes set-theoretical solutions as basic examples. We show that the relationships between set-theoretical solutions, q-cycle sets,…

The random cost problem is the problem of finding the minimum in an exponentially long list of random numbers. By definition, this problem cannot be solved faster than by exhaustive search. It is shown that a classical NP-hard optimization…

Multi-homogeneous polynomial systems arise in many applications. We provide bit complexity estimates for solving them which, up to a few extra other factors, are quadratic in the number of solutions and linear in the height of the input…

We give a unified solution to the conjugacy problem for Thompson's groups F, T, and V. The solution uses strand diagrams, which are similar in spirit to braids and generalize tree-pair diagrams for elements of Thompson's groups. Strand…

We define the parametric closure problem, in which the input is a partially ordered set whose elements have linearly varying weights and the goal is to compute the sequence of minimum-weight lower sets of the partial order as the weights…

The solutions to a large class of semi-linear parabolic PDEs are given in terms of expectations of suitable functionals of a tree of branching particles. A sufficient, and in some cases necessary, condition is given for the integrability of…

Computing and storing probabilities is a hard problem as soon as one has to deal with complex distributions over multiple random variables. The problem of efficient representation of probability distributions is central in term of…

We investigate the minimum cost of a wide class of combinatorial optimization problems over random bipartite geometric graphs in $\mathbb{R}^d$ where the edge cost between two points is given by a $p$-th power of their Euclidean distance.…

Let $n\geq 3$. In this paper we deal with the conjugacy problem in the Artin braid group quotient $B_n/[P_n,P_n]$. To solve it we use systems of equations over the integers arising from the action of $B_n/[P_n,P_n]$ over the abelianization…

The branching algorithm is a fundamental technique for designing fast exponential-time algorithms to solve combinatorial optimization problems exactly. It divides the entire solution space into independent search branches using…