相关论文: From Microscopic to Macroscopic Traffic Models

Kinetic models for vehicular traffic are reviewed and considered from the point of view of deriving macroscopic equations. A derivation of the associated macroscopic traffic flow equations leads to different types of equations: in certain…

Similar to the treatment of dense gases, fluid-dynamic equations for the dynamics of congested vehicular traffic are derived from Enskog-like kinetic equations. These contain additional terms due to the anisotropic vehicle interactions. The…

In the present paper a review and numerical comparison of a special class of multi-phase traffic theories based on microscopic, kinetic and macroscopic traffic models is given. Macroscopic traffic equations with multi-valued fundamental…

We derive macroscopic traffic equations from specific gas-kinetic equations, dropping some of the assumptions and approximations made in previous papers. The resulting partial differential equations for the vehicle density and average…

This contribution compares several different approaches allowing one to derive macroscopic traffic equation directly from microscopic car-following models. While it is shown that some conventional approaches lead to theoretical problems, it…

We present a macroscopic model of mixed multi-lane freeway traffic that can be easily calibrated to empirical traffic data, as is shown for Dutch highway data. The model is derived from a gas-kinetic level of description, including effects…

It is shown how to explicitly coarse-grain the microscopic dynamics of the Vicsek model for self-propelled agents. The macroscopic transport equations are derived by means of an Enskog-type kinetic theory. Expressions for all transport…

We present a method to derive macroscopic fluid-dynamic models from microscopic car-following models via a coarse-graining procedure. The method is first demonstrated for the optimal velocity model. The derived macroscopic model consists of…

This paper presents a new approach to the modeling of vehicular traffic flows on road networks based on kinetic equations. While in the literature the problem has been extensively studied by means of macroscopic hydrodynamic models, to date…

Recent applications of a new methodology to measure fundamental traffic relations on freeways shows that many of the critical parameters of the flow-density and speed-spacing diagrams depend on vehicle length. In response to this fact, we…

On the basis of assumptions about the behavior of driver-vehicle units concerning acceleration, deceleration, overtaking, and lane-changing maneuvers, a gas-kinetic traffic model for uni-directional multi-lane freeways is constructed.…

A most important aspect in the field of traffic modeling is the simulation of bottleneck situations. For their realistic description a macroscopic multi-lane model for uni-directional freeways including acceleration, deceleration, velocity…

We present a macroscopic traffic flow model that extends existing fluid-like models by an additional term containing the second derivative of the safe velocity. Two qualitatively different shapes of the safe velocity are explored: a…

We present a formal kinetic derivation of a second order macroscopic traffic model from a stochastic particle model. The macroscopic model is given by a system of hyperbolic partial differential equations (PDEs) with a discontinuous flux…

The purpose of this paper is to study the properties of kinetic models for traffic flow described by a Boltzmann-type approach and based on a continuous space of microscopic velocities. In our models, the particular structure of the…

This contribution summarizes and explains various principles from physics which are used for the simulation of traffic flows in large street networks, the modeling of destination, transport mode, and route choice, or the simulation of urban…

We study the derivation of macroscopic traffic models from car-following vehicle dynamics by means of hydrodynamic limits of an Enskog-type kinetic description. We consider the superposition of Follow-the-Leader (FTL) interactions and…

We present simulations of congested traffic in circular and open systems with a non-local, gas-kinetic-based traffic model and a novel car-following model. The model parameters are all intuitive and can be easily calibrated. Micro- and…

Experimental studies on vehicular traffic provide data on quantities like density, flux, and mean speed of the vehicles. However, the diagrams relating these variables (the fundamental and speed diagrams) show some peculiarities not yet…

We study kinetic models for traffic flow characterized by the property of producing backward propagating waves. These waves may be identified with the phenomenon of stop-and-go waves typically observed on highways. In particular, a refined…