相关论文: Stationary Velocity Distributions in Traffic Flows

We analyze the characteristic features of traffic breakdown. To describe this phenomenon we apply to the probabilistic model regarding the jam emergence as the formation of a large car cluster on highway. In these terms the breakdown occurs…

Traffic flow oscillations, including traffic waves, are a common yet incompletely understood feature of congested traffic. Possible mechanisms include traffic flow instabilities, indifference regions or finite human perception thresholds…

We address the problem of the so-called ``granular gases'', i.e. gases of massive particles in rapid movement undergoing inelastic collisions. We introduce a class of models of driven granular gases for which the stationary state is the…

The aim of this paper is to discuss the appropriate modelling of in- and outflow boundary conditions for nonlinear drift-diffusion models for the transport of particles including size exclusion and their effect on the behaviour of…

This article presents a derivation of analytical predictions for steady-state distributions of netto time gaps among clusters of vehicles moving inside a traffic stream. Using the thermodynamic socio-physical traffic model with short-ranged…

In most models of traffic flow, the car density $p$ is the only free parameter in determining the average car velocity $\langle v \rangle$. The critical car density $p_c$, which is defined to be the car density separating the jamming phase…

We have studied the distribution of traffic flow $q$ for the Nagel-Schreckenberg model by computer simulations. We applied a large-deviation approach, which allowed us to obtain the distribution $P(q)$ over more than one hundred decades in…

From single vehicle data a number of new empirical results concerning the density-dependence of the velocity distribution and its moments as well as the characteristics of their temporal fluctuations have been determined. These are utilized…

We introduce a simple model of active transport for an ensemble of particles driven by an external shear flow. Active refers to the fact that the flow of the particles is modified by the distribution of particles itself. The model consists…

In this article we use real traffic data to confirm that vehicle velocities follow Gaussian distribution in steady state traffic regimes (free-flow, and congestion). We also show that in the transition between free-flow and congestion, the…

Traffic flow at low densities (free traffic) is characterized by a quasi-one-dimensional relation between traffic flow and vehicle density, while no such fundamental diagram exists for `synchronized' congested traffic flow. Instead, a…

Experimental studies on vehicular traffic provide data on quantities like density, flux, and mean speed of the vehicles. However, the diagrams relating these variables (the fundamental and speed diagrams) show some peculiarities not yet…

We study the phase diagram of the continuum traffic flow model of a highway with an on-ramp. Using an open boundary condition, traffic states and metastabilities are investigated numerically for several representative values of the upstream…

We consider here probabilistic models of transportation flows. The main goal of this introduction is rather not to present various techniques for problem solving but to present some intuition to invent adequate and natural models having…

A macroscopic model-based approach for estimation of the traffic state, specifically of the (total) density and flow of vehicles, is developed for the case of "mixed" traffic, i.e., traffic comprising both ordinary and connected vehicles.…

This paper presents two one-dimensional mathematical models describing automobile traffic flow on straight road segments at a signalized intersection. When the traffic light is permissive, the flow density and velocity are obtained by…

Using the optimal velocity (OV) model as an example, we show that in the non-linear regime there is an emergent quantity that gives the extremum headways in the cluster formation, as well as the coexistence curve separating the absolute…

Within the Nagel-Schreckenberg traffic flow model we consider the transition from the free flow regime to the jammed regime. We introduce a method of analyzing the data which is based on the local density distribution. This analyzes allows…

Traffic flows are studied in terms of their noise of sound, which is an easily accessible experimental quantity. The sound noise data is studied making use of scaling properties of wavelet transforms and Hurst exponents are extracted. The…

This contribution investigates an original stochastic approach for the emergence of stop-and-go waves in traffic flow, a collective phenomenon with significant safety and environmental implications. Using a stable nonlinear car-following…