相关论文: Why gauge invariance applies to statistical mechan…

Scale invariance is a central organizing principle in physics, underlying phenomena that range from critical behaviour in statistical mechanics to transport and chaos in nonlinear dynamical systems. Here we present a unified and physically…

Universality of classical thermodynamics rests on the central limit theorem, due to which, measurements of thermal fluctuations are unable to reveal detailed information regarding the microscopic structure of a macroscopic body. When small…

In classical mechanics, we can describe the dynamics of a given system using either the Lagrangian formalism or the Hamiltonian formalism, the choice of either one being determined by whether one wants to deal with a second degree…

The aim of the present article is to give physical meaning to the ingredients of standard gauge field theory in the framework of the scale relativity theory. Owing to the principle of the relativity of scales, the scale-space is not…

The concept of gauge invariance in classical electrodynamics assumes tacitly that Maxwell's equations have unique solutions. By calculating the electromagnetic field of a moving particle both in Lorenz and in Coulomb gauge and directly from…

The description of states and dynamics in non-Hermitian systems is fundamentally linked to the choice of an appropriate theoretical framework -- a point of ongoing debate in the field. This work addresses this issue by proposing a…

The gauge symmetry is said unfree if the gauge transformation leaves the action functional unchanged provided for the gauge parameters are constrained by the system of partial differential equations. The best known example of this…

A new formulation of statistical mechanics is put forward according to which a random variable characterizing a macroscopic body is postulated to be infinitely divisible. It leads to a parametric representation of partition function of an…

Theoretical descriptions of observable quantities in cosmological perturbation theory should be independent of coordinate systems. This statement is often referred to as gauge-invariance of observable quantities, and the sanity of their…

Viewing gravitational energy momentum $p_G^\mu$ as equal by observation, but different in essence from inertial energy-momentum $p_I^\mu$ requires two different symmetries to account for their independent conservations - spacetime and inner…

The concept of gauge invariance is one of the most subtle and useful concepts in modern theoretical physics. It is one of the Standard Model cornerstones. The main benefit due to the gauge invariance is that it can permit the comprehension…

We present a symmetry-based framework for equilibrium statistical mechanics that formulates a single Lie group combining conventional spacetime symmetries with a recently identified phase-space gauge-shifting invariance [Muller et al.,…

The concept of classical indistinguishability is analyzed and defended against a number of well-known criticisms, with particular attention to the Gibbs' paradox. Granted that it is as much at home in classical as in quantum statistical…

Contrary to the conventional view point of quantization that breaks the gauge symmetry, a gauge invariant formulation of quantum electrodynamics is proposed. Instead of fixing the gauge, some frame is chosen to yield the locally invariant…

The fundamentals of Statistical Mechanics require a fresh definition in the context of the developments in Classical Mechanics of integrable and chaotic systems. This is done with the introduction of Micro Partitions ; a union of disjoint…

It is shown that gauge theories are most naturally studied via a polar decomposition of the field variable. Gauge transformations may be viewed as those that leave the density invariant but change the phase variable by additive amounts. The…

The gauge theory for random spin systems is extended to quantum spin glasses to derive a number of exact and/or rigorous results. The transverse Ising model and the quantum gauge glass are shown to be gauge invariant. For these models, an…

It is notoriously difficult to apply statistical mechanics to generally covariant systems, because the notions of time, energy and equilibrium are seriously modified in this context. We discuss the conditions under which weaker versions of…

The question of gauge-covariance in the non-Abelian gauge-field formulation of two space-dimensional systems with spin-orbit coupling relevant to spintronics is investigated. Although, these are generally gauge-fixed models, it is found…

Dealing with a generic time-local non-Markovian master equation, we define current and power to be process-dependent as in classical thermodynamics. Each process is characterized by a symmetry transformation, a gauge of the master equation,…