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We extend the theory of relative trisections of smooth, compact, oriented $4$-manifolds with connected boundary given by Gay and Kirby to include $4$-manifolds with an arbitrary number of boundary components. Additionally, we provide…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2017-03-20 Nickolas A. Castro

Gay and Kirby introduced the notion of a trisection of a smooth 4-manifold, which is a decomposition of the 4-manifold into three elementary pieces. Rubinstein and Tillmann later extended this idea to construct multisections of…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2019-04-05 Peter Lambert-Cole , Maggie Miller

Trisections of closed 4-manifolds, first defined and studied by Gay and Kirby, have proved to be a useful tool in the systematic analysis of 4-manifolds via handlebodies. Subsequent work of Abrams, Gay, and Kirby established a connection…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2024-07-25 Nickolas Andres Castro , Jason Joseph , Patrick K. McFaddin

We review the main achievements regarding the interactions between gem theory (which makes use of edge-colored graphs to represent PL-manifolds of arbitrary dimension) and both the classical representation of PL 4-manifolds via Kirby…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2026-02-11 Maria Rita Casali , Paola Cristofori

A trisection of a smooth, closed, oriented 4-manifold is a decomposition into three 4-dimensional 1-handlebodies meeting pairwise in 3-dimensional 1-handlebodies, with triple intersection a closed surface. The fundamental groups of the…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2018-03-28 Aaron Abrams , David T. Gay , Robion Kirby

In this paper, we develop new techniques for understanding surfaces in $\mathbb{CP}^2$ via bridge trisections. Trisections are a novel approach to smooth 4-manifold topology, introduced by Gay and Kirby, that provide an avenue to apply…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2025-03-11 Peter Lambert-Cole

Previously work of the author with Meier and Starkston showed that every closed symplectic manifold $(X,\omega)$ with a rational symplectic form admits a trisection compatible with the symplectic topology. In this paper, we describe the…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2024-03-11 Peter Lambert-Cole

We study trisections of smooth, compact non-orientable 4-manifolds, and introduce trisections of non-orientable 4-manifolds with boundary. In particular, we prove a non-orientable analogue of a classical theorem of Laudenbach-Po\'enaru. As…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2020-10-16 Maggie Miller , Patrick Naylor

A multisection of a 4-manifold is a decomposition into 1-handlebodies intersecting pairwise along 3-dimensional handlebodies or along a central closed surface; this generalizes the Gay-Kirby trisections. We show how to compute the twisted…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2024-02-21 Delphine Moussard , Trenton Schirmer

This is a survey article about the connections between knot theory and four-dimensional topology. Every four-manifold can be represented in terms of a link, by a Kirby diagram. This point of view has led to progress in computing invariants…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2026-03-31 Ciprian Manolescu

Gay and Kirby introduced trisections which describe any closed oriented smooth 4-manifold $X$ as a union of three four-dimensional handlebodies. A trisection is encoded in a diagram, namely three collections of curves in a closed oriented…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2021-06-21 Vincent Florens , Delphine Moussard

We introduce the concept of pseudo-trisections of smooth oriented compact 4-manifolds with boundary. The main feature of pseudo-trisections is that they have lower complexity than relative trisections for given 4-manifolds. We prove…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2025-02-19 Shintaro Fushida-Hardy

Donaldson showed that every closed symplectic 4-manifold can be given the structure of a topological Lefschetz pencil. Gay and Kirby showed that every closed 4-manifold has a trisection. In this paper we relate these two structure theorems,…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2016-12-21 David T. Gay

This article analyzes the interplay between symplectic geometry in dimension four and the invariants for smooth four-manifolds constructed using holomorphic triangles introduced in math.SG/0110169. Specifically, we establish a non-vanishing…

辛几何 · 数学 2007-05-23 P. S. Ozsvath , Z. Szabo

We present an algorithm taking a Kirby diagram of a closed oriented $4$-manifold to a trisection diagram of the same manifold. This algorithm provides us with a large number of examples for trisection diagrams of closed oriented…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2022-08-03 Willi Kepplinger

A correspondence, by way of Heegaard splittings, between closed oriented 3-manifolds and pairs of surjections from a surface group to a free group has been studied by Stallings, Jaco, and Hempel. This correspondence, by way of trisections,…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2025-12-08 Sarah Blackwell , Robion Kirby , Michael Klug , Vincent Longo , Benjamin Ruppik

Algorithms that decompose a manifold into simple pieces reveal the geometric and topological structure of the manifold, showing how complicated structures are constructed from simple building blocks. This note describes a way to…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2022-06-08 Mark Bell , Joel Hass , J. Hyam Rubinstein , Stephan Tillmann

We establish a correspondence between trisections of smooth, compact, oriented $4$--manifolds with connected boundary and diagrams describing these trisected $4$--manifolds. Such a diagram comes in the form of a compact, oriented surface…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2017-07-27 Nickolas A. Castro , David T. Gay , Juanita Pinzón-Caicedo

Dimension 4 is the first dimension in which exotic smooth manifold pairs appear -- manifolds which are topologically the same but for which there is no smooth deformation of one into the other. Whilst smooth and triangulated 4-manifolds do…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2024-02-27 Rhuaidi Antonio Burke

We show that there exists an algorithm that takes as input two closed, simply connected, topological 4-manifolds and decides whether or not these 4-manifolds are homeomorphic. In particular, we explain in detail how closed, simply…

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