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Given a graph $G=(V,E)$ and a colouring $f:E\mapsto \mathbb N$, the induced colour of a vertex $v$ is the sum of the colours at the edges incident with $v$. If all the induced colours of vertices of $G$ are distinct, the colouring is called…

组合数学 · 数学 2014-09-15 Tom Eccles

A path in an edge-colored graph is called a proper path if no two adjacent edges of the path receive the same color. For a connected graph $G$, the proper connection number $pc(G)$ of $G$ is defined as the minimum number of colors needed to…

组合数学 · 数学 2016-02-25 Fei Huang , Xueliang Li , Zhongmei Qin , Colton Magnant

Kostochka and Woodall (2001) conjectured that the square of every graph has the same chromatic number and list chromatic number. In 2015 Kim and Park disproved this conjecture for non-bipartite and bipartite graphs. It was asked by several…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-05-14 Morteza Hasanvand

An $r$-regular graph is an $r$-graph, if every odd set of vertices is connected to its complement by at least $r$ edges. Seymour [On multicolourings of cubic graphs, and conjectures of Fulkerson and Tutte.~\emph{Proc.~London…

组合数学 · 数学 2026-05-29 Yulai Ma , Eckhard Steffen , Isaak H. Wolf , Junxue Zhang

For positive integers $t$ and $s$, let $\mathcal{K}_t^{-s}$ denote the family of graphs obtained from the complete graph $K_t$ by removing $s$ edges. A graph $G$ has no $\mathcal{K}_t^{-s}$ minor if it has no $H$ minor for every $H\in…

组合数学 · 数学 2022-10-06 Michael Lafferty , Zi-Xia Song

We relate star colouring of even-degree regular graphs to the notions of locally constrained graph homomorphisms to the oriented line graph $ \vec{L}(K_q) $ of the complete graph $ K_q $ and to its underlying undirected graph $ L^*(K_q) $.…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-05-08 Cyriac Antony , Shalu M. A

In 1994, it was conjectured by Fan and Raspaud that every simple bridgeless cubic graph has three perfect matchings whose intersection is empty. In this paper we answer a question recently proposed by Mkrtchyan and Vardanyan, by giving an…

组合数学 · 数学 2022-03-22 Giuseppe Mazzuoccolo , Jean Paul Zerafa

Haj\'os conjectured that every graph containing no subdivision of the complete graph $K_{s+1}$ is properly $s$-colorable. This conjecture was disproved by Catlin. Indeed, the maximum chromatic number of such graphs is $\Omega(s^2/\log s)$.…

组合数学 · 数学 2021-09-28 Chun-Hung Liu , David R. Wood

Scott proved in 1997 that for any tree $T$, every graph with bounded clique number which does not contain any subdivision of $T$ as an induced subgraph has bounded chromatic number. Scott also conjectured that the same should hold if $T$ is…

组合数学 · 数学 2022-03-03 Jérémie Chalopin , Louis Esperet , Zhentao Li , Patrice Ossona de Mendez

For an edge-colored graph $G$, the minimum color degree of $G$ means the minimum number of colors on edges which are adjacent to each vertex of $G$. We prove that if $G$ is an edge-colored graph with minimum color degree at least $5$ then…

组合数学 · 数学 2017-01-12 Ruonan Li , Shinya Fujita , Guanghui Wang

Given a graph $G$, a vertex-colouring $\sigma$ of $G$, and a subset $X\subseteq V(G)$, a colour $x \in \sigma(X)$ is said to be \emph{odd} for $X$ in $\sigma$ if it has an odd number of occurrences in $X$. We say that $\sigma$ is an…

组合数学 · 数学 2023-06-05 Tianjiao Dai , Qiancheng Ouyang , François Pirot

For a given multigraph H, a graph G is H-linked, if |G| \geq |H| and for every injective map {\tau}: V (H) \rightarrow V (G), we can find internally disjoint paths in G, such that every edge from uv in H corresponds to a {\tau} (u) - {\tau}…

组合数学 · 数学 2012-06-08 Florian Pfender

An edge-coloring of a graph $G$ with colors $1,...,t$ is an interval $t$-coloring if all colors are used, and the colors of edges incident to each vertex of $G$ are distinct and form an interval of integers. A graph $G$ is interval…

组合数学 · 数学 2012-02-02 Petros A. Petrosyan , Hrant H. Khachatrian , Hovhannes G. Tananyan

A proper total colouring of a graph $G$ is called harmonious if it has the further property that when replacing each unordered pair of incident vertices and edges with their colours, then no pair of colours appears twice. The smallest…

The reconfiguration graph of the $k$-colorings of a graph $G$, denoted $R_{k}(G)$, is the graph whose vertices are the $k$-colorings of $G$ and two colorings are adjacent in $R_{k}(G)$ if they differ in color on exactly one vertex. A graph…

组合数学 · 数学 2026-02-19 Manoj Belavadi , Kathie Cameron , Ni Luh Dewi Sintiari

Call a colouring of a graph \emph{distinguishing} if the only automorphism of this graph which preserves said colouring is the identity. Let $H$ be an arbitrary graph. We say that a graph $G$ is \emph{$H$-free} if $G$ does not contain an…

组合数学 · 数学 2021-05-25 Marcin Stawiski

For a non-decreasing positive integer sequence $S = (s_{1}, \dots, s_{k})$, an $S$-packing edge-coloring of a graph $G$ is a partition of the edge set of $G$ into subsets $E_{1}, \dots, E_{k}$ such that for each $1 \leq i \leq k$, the…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-09-16 Jingxi Hou , Tao Wang , Xiaojing Yang

We prove a new sufficient condition for a cubic 3-connected planar graph to be Hamiltonian. This condition is most easily described as a property of the dual graph. Let $G$ be a planar triangulation. Then the dual $G^*$ is a cubic…

组合数学 · 数学 2013-12-16 Helmut Alt , Michael S. Payne , Jens M. Schmidt , David R. Wood

A path in an(a) edge(vertex)-colored graph is called \emph{a conflict-free path} if there exists a color used on only one of its edges(vertices). An(A) edge(vertex)-colored graph is called \emph{conflict-free (vertex-)connected} if there is…

组合数学 · 数学 2018-09-20 Meng Ji , Xueliang Li , Xiaoyu Zhu

We study the complexity of graph modification problems with respect to homomorphism-based colouring properties of edge-coloured graphs. A homomorphism from edge-coloured graph $G$ to edge-coloured graph $H$ is a vertex-mapping from $G$ to…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2022-05-04 Florent Foucaud , Hervé Hocquard , Dimitri Lajou , Valia Mitsou , Théo Pierron