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A distinguishing coloring of a graph is a vertex coloring such that only the identity automorphism of the graph preserves the coloring. A 2-distinguishable graph is a graph which can be distinguished using 2 colors. The cost $\rho(G)$ of a…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-06-04 Alexa Gopaulsingh , Zalán Molnár , Amitayu Banerjee

A graph $G$ is said to be $d$-distinguishable if there is a vertex coloring of $G$ with a set of $d$ colors which breaks all of the automorphisms of $G$ but the identity. We call the minimum $d$ for which a graph $G$ is $d$-distinguishiable…

组合数学 · 数学 2019-10-29 Aleksandra Gorzkowska , Mohammad Hadi Shekarriz

The distinguishing number $D(G)$ of a graph $G$ is the least integer $d$ such that $G$ has an vertex labeling with $d$ labels that is preserved only by a trivial automorphism. The minimum size of a label class in such a labeling of $G$ with…

组合数学 · 数学 2017-10-23 Saeid Alikhani , Samaneh Soltani

A graph $G$ is said to be $d$-distinguishable if there is a labeling of the vertices with $d$ labels so that only the trivial automorphism preserves the labels. The smallest such $d$ is the distinguishing number, Dist($G$). A subset of…

组合数学 · 数学 2024-06-13 Debra Boutin , Sally Cockburn

A set $S$ of vertices is a determining set for a graph $G$ if every automorphism of $G$ is uniquely determined by its action on $S$. The size of a smallest determining set for $G$ is called its determining number, $Det(G)$. A graph $G$ is…

组合数学 · 数学 2021-03-09 Debra Boutin , Sally Cockburn , Lauren Keough , Sarah Loeb , K. E. Perry , Puck Rombach

The distinguishing number of a graph G, denoted D(G), is the minimum number of colors such that there exists a coloring of the vertices of G where no nontrivial graph automorphism is color-preserving. In this paper, we show that the…

组合数学 · 数学 2007-05-23 Melody Chan

The distinguishing index of a simple graph $G$, denoted by $D'(G)$, is the least number of labels in an edge labeling of $G$ not preserved by any non-trivial automorphism. It was conjectured by Pil\'sniak (2015) that for any 2-connected…

组合数学 · 数学 2017-02-14 Saeid Alikhani , Samaneh Soltani

The distinguishing number of a graph $G$ is the smallest positive integer $r$ such that $G$ has a labeling of its vertices with $r$ labels for which there is no non-trivial automorphism of $G$ preserving these labels. Albertson and Collins…

逻辑 · 数学 2008-04-28 C. Laflamme , L. Nguyen Van Thé , N. W. Sauer

A graph G is said to be 2-distinguishable if there is a 2-labeling of its vertices which is not preserved by any nontrivial automorphism of G. We show that every locally finite graph with infinite motion and growth at most…

组合数学 · 数学 2013-01-09 Florian Lehner

Let $\delta$ and $\Delta$ be the minimum and the maximum degree of the vertices of a simple connected graph $G$, respectively. The distinguishing index of a graph $G$, denoted by $D'(G)$, is the least number of labels in an edge labeling of…

组合数学 · 数学 2017-05-17 Saeid Alikhani , Samaneh Soltani

In a graph whose vertices are assigned integer ranks, a path is well-ranked if the endpoints have distinct ranks or some interior point has a higher rank than the endpoints. A ranking is an assignment of ranks such that all nontrivial paths…

The $2$-packing number $\rho_2(G)$ of a graph $G$ is the cardinality of a largest $2$-packing of $G$ and the open packing number $\rho^{\rm o}(G)$ is the cardinality of a largest open packing of $G$, where an open packing (resp.…

组合数学 · 数学 2023-09-12 Boštjan Brešar , Sandi Klavžar , Douglas F. Rall

The distinguishing number $D(G)$ of a graph $G$ is the smallest number of colors that is needed to color $G$ such that the only color preserving automorphism is the identity. We give a complete classification for all connected graphs $G$ of…

组合数学 · 数学 2017-09-19 Svenja Hüning , Wilfried Imrich , Judith Kloas , Hannah Schreiber , Thomas Tucker

An identifying code of a graph is a dominating set which uniquely determines all the vertices by their neighborhood within the code. Whereas graphs with large minimum degree have small domination number, this is not the case for the…

组合数学 · 数学 2017-01-02 Florent Foucaud , Guillem Perarnau , Oriol Serra

You are handed a graph with vertices in a neutral color and asked to color a subset of vertices with expensive paints in $d$ colors in such a way that only the trivial symmetry preserves the color classes. Your goal is to minimize the…

组合数学 · 数学 2021-03-11 Debra Boutin

The distinguishing number (index) $D(G)$ ($D'(G)$) of a graph $G$ is the least integer $d$ such that $G$ has an vertex labeling (edge labeling) with $d$ labels that is preserved only by a trivial automorphism. The lexicographic product of…

组合数学 · 数学 2016-06-28 Saeid Alikhani , Samaneh Soltani

A set of vertices of a graph is distinguishing if the only automorphism that preserves it is the identity. The minimal size of such sets, if they exist, is the distinguishing cost. The distinguishing costs of vertex transitive cubic graphs…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-07-09 Ted Dobson , Ademir Hujdurović , Wilfried Imrich , Ronald Ortner

A $d$-distinguishing vertex (arc) labeling of a digraph is a vertex (arc) labeling using $d$ labels that is not preserved by any nontrivial automorphism. Let $\rho(T)$ ($\rho'(T)$) be the minimum size of a label class in a 2-distinguishing…

组合数学 · 数学 2017-07-19 Antoni Lozano

A vertex coloring of a graph $G$ is called distinguishing if no non-identity automorphisms of $G$ can preserve it. The distinguishing number of $G$, denoted by $D(G)$, is the minimum number of colors required for such a coloring, and the…

The parameter $q(G)$ of a graph $G$ is the minimum number of distinct eigenvalues over the family of symmetric matrices described by $G$. It is shown that the minimum number of edges necessary for a connected graph $G$ to have $q(G)=2$ is…

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