相关论文: Comparative Theory of Background Independence

Starting from the observation that distinct notions of copying have arisen in different categorical fields (logic and computation, contrasted with quantum mechanics) this paper addresses the question of when, or whether, they may coincide.…

We study the perturbative unitarity of the Lee-Wick models, formulated as nonanalytically Wick rotated Euclidean theories. The complex energy plane is divided into disconnected regions and the values of a loop integral in the various…

Recently, contrastive learning has risen to be a promising approach for large-scale self-supervised learning. However, theoretical understanding of how it works is still unclear. In this paper, we propose a new guarantee on the downstream…

Any graph can be represented pictorially as a figure. Moreover, it can be represented as two or more figures that can be have different properties to each other. For the purpose of HCP, we represent a graph by two such figures. In each of…

An effective mathematical framework based on Presymplectic Geometry for dealing with the "phase space picture" of timeless dynamics in General Relativity is presented. In General Relativity, the presence of the scalar Hamiltonian constraint…

It is generally believed that a full-fledged theory of quantum gravity should exhibit background independence and diffeomorphism invariance. In its most general form, the latter comprises field redefinitions, which are diffeomorphisms in…

The Dirac equation provides a description of spin 1/2 particles, consistent with both the principles of quantum mechanics and of special relativity. Often its presentation to students is based on mathematical propositions that may hide the…

The way of finding all the constraints in the Hamiltonian formulation of singular (in particular, gauge) theories is called the Dirac procedure. The constraints are naturally classified according to the correspondig stages of this…

Differentiable physics is a powerful approach to learning and control problems that involve physical objects and environments. While notable progress has been made, the capabilities of differentiable physics solvers remain limited. We…

The notion of integrability is discussed for classical nonautonomous systems with one degree of freedom. The analysis is focused on models which are linearly spanned by finite Lie algebras. By constructing the autonomous extension of the…

In this work, we investigate a Lagrangian model describing a particle constrained to move along non-degenerate conic sections, parameterized by the orbital eccentricity \( e \). In the non-relativistic regime, we apply the Dirac--Bergmann…

A recently proposed approach for avoiding the ultraviolet divergence of Hamiltonians with particle creation is based on interior-boundary conditions (IBCs). The approach works well in the non-relativistic case, that is, for the Laplacian…

Let $L$ be an algebra over a field $F$ with the binary operations $+$ and $[,]$. Then $L$ is called a left Leibniz algebra if it satisfies the left Leibniz identity: $[[a,b],c]=[a,[b,c]]-[b,[a,c]]$ for all elements $a,b,c\in L$. A linear…

The gauge symmetries of a general dynamical system can be systematically obtained following either a Hamiltonean or a Lagrangean approach. In the former case, these symmetries are generated, according to Dirac's conjecture, by the first…

Unified graded differential algebra, generated by $\kappa$-Minkowski noncommutative (NC) coordinates, Lorentz generators and anticommuting one-forms, is constructed. It is compatible with $\kappa$-Poincar\'e-Hopf algebra. For time- and…

A spinor theory on a space with linear Lie type noncommutativity among spatial coordinates is presented. The model is based on the Fourier space corresponding to spatial coordinates, as this Fourier space is commutative. When the group is…

We generalize previous results and demonstrate that the Dirac representation theory can be effectively adjusted and applied to continuous or discrete signals of infinite time duration. The role of the identity and projection operators is…

The Lie product and the order relation are viewed as defining structures for Hamiltonian dynamical systems. Their admissible combinations are singled out by the requirement that the group of the Lie automorphisms be contained in the group…

The kinematics of a robot manipulator are described in terms of the mapping connecting its joint space and the 6-dimensional Euclidean group of motions $SE(3)$. The associated Jacobian matrices map into its Lie algebra $\mathfrak{se}(3)$,…

The spectrum of the Laplacian of successive Barycentric subdivisions of a graph converges exponentially fast to a limit which only depends on the clique number of the initial graph and not on the graph itself. The proof uses an explicit…