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Let $H$, $T$ and $C_n$ be a graph, a tree and a cycle of order $n$, respectively. Let $H^{(i)}$ be the complete join of $H$ and an empty graph on $i$ vertices. Then the Cartesian product $H\Box T$ of $H$ and $T$ can be obtained by applying…

组合数学 · 数学 2023-04-06 Xiwu Yang , Xiaodong Cheng , Yuansheng Yang

Let $G$ be an edge-colored graph with $n$ vertices. A subgraph $H$ of $G$ is called a rainbow subgraph of $G$ if the colors of each pair of the edges in $E(H)$ are distinct. We define the minimum color degree of $G$ to be the smallest…

组合数学 · 数学 2017-09-26 Wipawee Tangjai

Two boxes in $\mathbb{R}^d$ are comparable if one of them is a subset of a translation of the other one. The comparable box dimension of a graph $G$ is the minimum integer $d$ such that $G$ can be represented as a touching graph of…

离散数学 · 计算机科学 2022-03-16 Zdenek Dvorák , Daniel Goncalves , Abhiruk Lahiri , Jane Tan , Torsten Ueckerdt

Hoffman proved that a graph $G$ with eigenvalues $\mu_1 \ge \ldots \ge \mu_n$ and chromatic number $\chi(G)$ satisfies: \[ \chi \ge 1 + \kappa \] where $\kappa$ is the smallest integer such that \[ \mu_1 + \sum_{i=1}^{\kappa} \mu_{n+1-i}…

组合数学 · 数学 2020-11-18 Pawel Wocjan , Clive Elphick , Parisa Darbari

Vizing and Gupta showed that the chromatic index $\chi'(G)$ of a graph $G$ is bounded above by $\Delta(G) + \mu(G)$, where $\Delta(G)$ and $\mu(G)$ denote the maximum degree and the maximum multiplicity of $G$, respectively. Steffen refined…

组合数学 · 数学 2026-02-02 Guantao Chen , Alireza Fiujlaali , Anna Johnsen-Yu , Jessica McDonald

A hole in a graph is an induced subgraph which is a cycle of length at least four. A graph is chordal if it contains no holes. Following McKee and Scheinerman (1993), we define the chordality of a graph $G$ to be the minimum number of…

组合数学 · 数学 2024-04-10 Aristotelis Chaniotis , Babak Miraftab , Sophie Spirkl

The acyclic chromatic index, denoted by $a'(G)$, of a graph $G$ is the minimum number of colours used in any proper edge colouring of $G$ such that the union of any two colour classes does not contain a cycle, that is, forms a forest. We…

组合数学 · 数学 2015-08-07 Rahul Muthu , C. R. Subramanian

We prove that any class of graphs with linear neighborhood complexity has bounded improper odd chromatic number. As a result, if $\mathcal{G}$ is the class of all circle graphs, or if $\mathcal{G}$ is any class with bounded twin-width,…

组合数学 · 数学 2026-02-12 James Davies , Meike Hatzel , Kolja Knauer , Rose McCarty , Torsten Ueckerdt

The boxicity of a graph is the smallest dimension $d$ allowing a representation of it as the intersection graph of a set of $d$-dimensional axis-parallel boxes. We present a simple general approach to determining the boxicity of a graph…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-01-10 Marco Caoduro , András Sebő

The chromatic number $\chi(G)$ of a graph $G$, that is, the smallest number of colors required to color the vertices of $G$ so that no two adjacent vertices are assigned the same color, is a classic and extensively studied parameter. Here…

组合数学 · 数学 2021-04-23 Anders Martinsson , Konstantinos Panagiotou , Pascal Su , Miloš Trujić

For integers $k, r > 0$, a conditional $(k,r)$-coloring of a graph $G$ is a proper $k$-coloring of the vertices of $G$ such that every vertex $v$ of degree $d(v)$ in $G$ is adjacent to at least $\min\{r, d(v)\}$ differently colored…

离散数学 · 计算机科学 2011-06-20 P. Venkata Subba Reddy , K. Viswanathan Iyer

We introduce a notion of color-criticality in the context of chromatic-choosability. We define a graph $G$ to be strong $k$-chromatic-choosable if $\chi(G) = k$ and every $(k-1)$-assignment for which $G$ is not list-colorable has the…

组合数学 · 数学 2018-08-08 Hemanshu Kaul , Jeffrey A. Mudrock

We show that for a simple graph $G$, $c'(G)\leq\Delta(G)+2$ where $c'(G)$ is the choice index (or edge-list chromatic number) of $G$, and $\Delta(G)$ is the maximum degree of $G$. As a simple corollary of this result, we show that the total…

组合数学 · 数学 2022-03-09 M. Henderson , A. J. W. Hilton , R. Mary Jeya Jothi

For a non-decreasing sequence of positive integers $S=(s_1,s_2,\ldots)$, the $S$-packing chromatic number of a graph $G$ is denoted by $\chi_S(G)$. In this paper, $\chi_S$-critical graphs are introduced as the graphs $G$ such that…

The conflict-free chromatic index of a graph $G$ is the minimum number of colours in an edge colouring of $G$ such that the neighbourhood of every edge contains a colour appearing exactly once. Its vertex analogue is the conflict-free…

组合数学 · 数学 2026-04-27 Mateusz Kamyczura , Jakub Przybyło

Suppose that $G$ is a graph of cardinality $\mu^+$ with chromatic number $\chi(G)\geq \mu^+$. One possible reason that this could happen is if $G$ contains a clique of size $\mu^+$. We prove that this is indeed the case when the edge…

逻辑 · 数学 2025-11-12 Yatir Halevi , Itay Kaplan , Saharon Shelah

Let $G$ be a graph whose each component has order at least 3. Let $s : E(G) \rightarrow \mathbb{Z}_k$ for some integer $k\geq 2$ be an improper edge coloring of $G$ (where adjacent edges may be assigned the same color). If the induced…

离散数学 · 计算机科学 2016-09-26 Paniz Abedin , Saieed Akbari , Marc Demange , Tinaz Ekim

The chromatic threshold $\delta_\chi(H)$ of a graph $H$ is the infimum of $d>0$ such that the chromatic number of every $n$-vertex $H$-free graph with minimum degree at least $d n$ is bounded by a constant depending only on $H$ and $d$.…

组合数学 · 数学 2026-02-24 Jaehoon Kim , Hong Liu , Chong Shangguan , Guanghui Wang , Zhuo Wu , Yisai Xue

A Hamiltonian graph $G$ of order $n$ is $k$-ordered, $2\leq k \leq n$, if for every sequence $v_1, v_2, \ldots ,v_k$ of $k$ distinct vertices of $G$, there exists a Hamiltonian cycle that encounters $v_1, v_2, \ldots , v_k$ in this order.…

组合数学 · 数学 2016-09-07 Gabor N. Sarkozy , Stanley Selkow

The quantum chromatic number of a graph $G$ is sandwiched between its chromatic number and its clique number, which are well known NP-hard quantities. We restrict our attention to the rank-1 quantum chromatic number $\chi_q^{(1)}(G)$, which…

量子物理 · 物理学 2012-02-22 Giannicola Scarpa , Simone Severini