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We show that every plane graph with maximum face size four whose all faces of size four are vertex-disjoint is cyclically 5-colorable. This answers a question of Albertson whether graphs drawn in the plane with all crossings independent are…

组合数学 · 数学 2008-11-18 Daniel Král' , Ladislav Stacho

A graph $G$ is a non-separating planar graph if there is a drawing $D$ of $G$ on the plane such that (1) no two edges cross each other in $D$ and (2) for any cycle $C$ in $D$, any two vertices not in $C$ are on the same side of $C$ in $D$.…

组合数学 · 数学 2019-07-24 Hooman R. Dehkordi , Graham Farr

An equitable coloring of a graph is a proper coloring where the sizes of any two different color classes do not differ by more than one. A graph is IC-planar if it can be drawn in the plane so that no two crossed edges have a common…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-04-18 Weichan Liu

By the Grunbaum-Aksenov Theorem (extending Grotzsch's Theorem) every planar graph with at most three triangles is 3-colorable. However, there are infinitely many planar 4-critical graphs with exactly four triangles. We describe all such…

A strong edge-coloring of a graph $G$ is a coloring of edges of $G$ such that every color class forms an induced matching. The strong chromatic index is the minimum number of colors needed to color the graph. The Ore-degree $\theta(G)$ of a…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-09-09 Seth Nelson , Gexin Yu

An edge of a graph of order $n$ is pancyclic if it lies in a cycle of every length $3,\ldots,n$. A graph of order $n$ is vertex-pancyclic if every vertex lies in a cycle of every length $3,\ldots,n$. Recently, Li and Zhan proved that every…

组合数学 · 数学 2026-05-21 Leyou Xu , Bo Zhou

K\"uhn, Osthus and Taraz showed that for each \gamma>0 there exists C such that any n-vertex graph with minimum degree \gamma n contains a planar subgraph with at least 2n-C edges. We find the optimum value of C for all \gamma<1/2 and…

组合数学 · 数学 2013-01-09 Peter Allen , Jozef Skokan , Andreas Würfl

We study straight-line drawings of planar graphs with few segments and few slopes. Optimal results are obtained for all trees. Tight bounds are obtained for outerplanar graphs, 2-trees, and planar 3-trees. We prove that every 3-connected…

组合数学 · 数学 2008-09-09 Vida Dujmovic' , David Eppstein , Matthew Suderman , David R. Wood

A balanced graph is a bipartite graph with no induced circuit of length 2 mod 4. These graphs arise in linear programming. We focus on graph-algebraic properties of balanced graphs to prove a complete classification of balanced Cayley…

组合数学 · 数学 2007-07-03 Joy Morris , Pablo Spiga , Kerri Webb

We prove that every planar straight line graph with $n$ vertices has a conforming quadrilateral mesh with $O(n^2)$ elements, all angles $\leq 120^\circ$ and all new angles $\geq 60^\circ$. Both the complexity and the angle bounds are sharp.…

计算几何 · 计算机科学 2020-07-21 Christopher J. Bishop

The skewness of a graph G is the minimum number of edges in G whose removal results in a planar graph. By appropriately introducing a weight to each edge of a graph, we determine, among other thing, the skewness of the generalized Petersen…

组合数学 · 数学 2017-09-20 Gek L. Chia , Chan L. Lee , Yan Hao Ling

An orientation of a graph $G$ is proper if any two adjacent vertices have different indegrees. The proper orientation number $\overrightarrow{\chi}(G)$ of a graph $G$ is the minimum of the maximum indegree, taken over all proper…

A fullerene graph is a cubic 3-connected plane graph with (exactly 12) pentagonal faces and hexagonal faces. Let $F_n$ be a fullerene graph with $n$ vertices. A set $\mathcal H$ of mutually disjoint hexagons of $F_n$ is a sextet pattern if…

组合数学 · 数学 2009-08-11 Dong Ye , Heping Zhang

Given a convex polygon of $n$ sides, one can draw $n$ disks (called side disks) where each disk has a different side of the polygon as diameter and the midpoint of the side as its center. The intersection graph of such disks is the…

度量几何 · 数学 2016-06-17 Clemens Huemer , Pablo Pérez-Lantero

The planar Tur\'an number of $H$, denoted by $ex_{\mathcal{P}}(n,H)$, is the maximum number of edges in an $n$-vertex $H$-free planar graph. The planar Tur\'an number of $k(k\geq 3)$ vertex-disjoint union of cycles is the trivial value…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-05-23 Xinzhe Song , Guiying Yan , Qiang Zhou

A cubical polytope is a polytope with all its facets being combinatorially equivalent to cubes. We deal with the connectivity of the graphs of cubical polytopes. We first establish that, for any $d\ge 3$, the graph of a cubical $d$-polytope…

组合数学 · 数学 2019-07-16 Hoa T. Bui , Guillermo Pineda-Villavicencio , Julien Ugon

In a book embedding of a graph G, the vertices of G are placed in order along a straight-line called spine of the book, and the edges of G are drawn on a set of half-planes, called the pages of the book, such that two edges drawn on a page…

计算几何 · 计算机科学 2015-10-21 Md. Jawaherul Alam , Franz J. Brandenburg , Stephen G. Kobourov

Let G be a plane graph with maximum face size D. If all faces of G with size four or more are vertex disjoint, then G has a cyclic coloring with D+1 colors, i.e., a coloring such that all vertices incident with the same face receive…

组合数学 · 数学 2008-11-18 Jernej Azarija , Daniel Král' , Rok Erman , Matjaz Krnc , Ladislav Stacho

A drawing of a graph in the plane is called 1-planar if each edge is crossed at most once. A graph together with a 1-planar drawing is a 1-plane graph. A 1-plane graph $G$ with exactly $4|V (G)|-8$ edges is called optimal. The crossing…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-08-15 Zhangdong Ouyang , Yuanqiu Huang , Licheng Zhang

The degree diameter problem asks for the maximum possible number of vertices in a graph of maximum degree $\Delta$ and diameter $D$. In this paper, we focus on planar graphs of diameter $3$. Fellows, Hell and Seyffarth (1995) proved that…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-07-28 Antoine Dailly , Sasha Darmon , Ugo Giocanti , Claire Hilaire , Petru Valicov