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A conjecture of Odoni stated over Hilbertian fields $K$ of characteristic zero asserts that for every positive integer $d$, there exists a polynomial $f\in K[x]$ of degree $d$ such that for every positive integer $n$, each iterate $f^{\circ…

In 1980, Odoni initiated the study of the fixed-point proportion of iterated Galois groups of polynomials motivated by prime density problems in arithmetic dynamics. The main goal of the present paper is to completely settle the…

We show that the Galois group of a random monic polynomial %of degree $d>12$ with integer coefficients between $-N$ and $N$ is NOT $S_d$ with probability $\ll \frac{\log^{\Omega(d)}N}{N}.$ Conditionally on NOTbeing the full symmetric group,…

Let $K$ be a number field, and let $d\geq 2$. A conjecture of Odoni (stated more generally for characteristic zero Hilbertian fields $K$) posits that there is a monic polynomial $f\in K[x]$ of degree $d$, and a point $x_0\in K$, such that…

Let~$E$ be a Hilbertian field of characteristic~$0$. R.W.K. Odoni conjectured that for every positive integer~$n$ there exists a polynomial~$f\in E[X]$ of degree~$n$ such that each iterate~$f^{\circ{k}}$ of~$f$ is irreducible and the Galois…

The study of arboreal Galois representations (that is, Galois groups arising from iteration of polynomial and rational functions) originated with work of Odoni in the 1980s. Beginning in the early 2000s it underwent a period of renewed…

We give an explicit description of the arithmetic-geometric extension of iterated Galois groups of rational functions. This yields a complete solution to the extension problem when either the arithmetic or the geometric iterated Galois…

We introduce a new technique to prove connectivity of subsets of covering spaces (so called inductive connectivity), and apply it to Galois theory of problems of enumerative geometry. As a model example, consider the problem of permuting…

We study the distribution of the Galois group of a random $q$-additive polynomial over a rational function field: For $q$ a power of a prime $p$, let $f=X^{q^n}+a_{n-1}X^{q^{n-1}}+\ldots+a_1X^q+a_0X$ be a random polynomial chosen uniformly…

For a fixed prime power $q$ and natural number $d$ we consider a random polynomial $$f=x^n+a_{n-1}(t)x^{n-1}+\ldots+a_1(t)x+a_0(t)\in\mathbb F_q[t][x]$$ with $a_i$ drawn uniformly and independently at random from the set of all polynomials…

Given a global field K and a rational function phi defined over K, one may take pre-images of 0 under successive iterates of phi, and thus obtain an infinite rooted tree T by assigning edges according to the action of phi. The absolute…

Let $\varphi_p(z)=(z-1)^p+2-\zeta_p$, where $\zeta_p\in\bar{\mathbb{Q}}$ is a primitive $p$-th root of unity for some odd prime $p$. Building on previous work, we show that the $n$-th iterate $\varphi_p^n(z)$ has Galois group $[C_p]^n$, an…

Conditionally on the Riemann hypothesis for certain Dedekind zeta functions, we show that the characteristic polynomial of a class of random tridiagonal matrices of large dimension is irreducible, with probability exponentially close to…

We prove that the monodromy group of a reduced irreducible square system of general polynomial equations equals the symmetric group. This is a natural first step towards the Galois theory of general systems of polynomial equations, because…

We study the irreducibility and Galois group of random polynomials over function fields. We prove that a random polynomial $f=y^n+\sum_{i=0}^{n-1}a_i(x)y^i\in\mathbb F_q[x][y]$ with i.i.d coefficients $a_i$ taking values in the set…

We show how the size of the Galois groups of iterates of a quadratic polynomial $f(x)$ can be parametrized by certain rational points on the curves $C_n:y^2=f^n(x)$ and their quadratic twists. To that end, we study the arithmetic of such…

We introduce the first provably efficient algorithm to check if a finitely generated subgroup of an almost simple semi-simple group over the rationals is Zariski-dense. We reduce this question to one of computing Galois groups, and to this…

In the mid sixties, A. Grothendieck envisioned a vast generalization of Galois theory to systems of polynomials in several variables, motivic Galois theory, and introduced tannakian categories on this occasion. In characteristic zero,…

We prove that the arboreal Galois representations attached to certain unicritical polynomials have finite index in an infinite wreath product of cyclic groups, and we prove surjectivity for some small degree examples, including a new family…

We study the action of the Galois group on the pro-l-completion of the fundamental group of P^1 - {0, infinity and N-th roots of unity}. We describe the Lie algebra of the image of the Galois action and relate with the geometry of the…