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A tree $T$, in an edge-colored graph $G$, is called {\em a rainbow tree} if no two edges of $T$ are assigned the same color. A {\em $k$-rainbow coloring}of $G$ is an edge coloring of $G$ having the property that for every set $S$ of $k$…

Let $G$ be a nontrivial connected graph with an edge-coloring $c: E(G)\rightarrow \{1,2,...,q\},$ $q \in \mathbb{N}$, where adjacent edges may be colored the same. A tree $T$ in $G$ is a $rainbow tree$ if no two edges of $T$ receive the…

A path in an edge-colored graph is called {\em rainbow} if no two edges of it are colored the same. For an $\ell$-connected graph $G$ and an integer $k$ with $1\leq k\leq \ell$, the {\em rainbow $k$-connection number} $rc_k(G)$ of $G$ is…

A path in an edge-colored graph $G$, where adjacent edges may be colored the same, is called a rainbow path if no two edges of it are colored the same. A nontrivial connected graph $G$ is rainbow connected if for any two vertices of $G$…

An edge-colored graph $G$, where adjacent edges may be colored the same, is rainbow connected if any two vertices of $G$ are connected by a path whose edges have distinct colors. The rainbow connection number $rc(G)$ of a connected graph…

A path in an edge-colored graph is rainbow if no two edges of it are colored the same, and the graph is rainbow-connected if there is a rainbow path between each pair of its vertices. The minimum number of colors needed to rainbow-connect a…

A path in an edge-coloured graph is called \emph{rainbow path} if its edges receive pairwise distinct colours. An edge-coloured graph is said to be \emph{rainbow connected} if any two distinct vertices of the graph are connected by a…

An edge-colored graph $G$, where adjacent edges may be colored the same, is rainbow connected if any two vertices of $G$ are connected by a path whose edges have distinct colors. The rainbow connection number $rc(G)$ of a connected graph…

For a graph $G$, we define $\sigma_2(G)=min \{d(u)+d(v)| u,v\in V(G), uv\not\in E(G)\}$, or simply denoted by $\sigma_2$. A edge-colored graph is rainbow edge-connected if any two vertices are connected by a path whose edges have distinct…

An edge-colored graph $G$ is rainbow connected if any two vertices are connected by a path whose edges have distinct colors. The rainbow connection number of a connected graph $G$, denoted by $rc(G)$, is the smallest number of colors that…

A path in an edge-colored graph $G$, where adjacent edges may be colored the same, is called a rainbow path if no two edges of $G$ are colored the same. For a $\kappa$-connected graph $G$ and an integer $k$ with $1\leq k\leq \kappa$, the…

A tree in an edge-colored graph is said to be rainbow if no two edges on the tree share the same color. An edge-coloring of $G$ is called 3-rainbow if for any three vertices in $G$, there exists a rainbow tree connecting them. The 3-rainbow…

An edge-colored graph $G$, where adjacent edges may have the same color, is {\it rainbow connected} if every two vertices of $G$ are connected by a path whose edge has distinct colors. A graph $G$ is {\it $k$-rainbow connected} if one can…

An edge-colored graph $G$ is rainbow connected if every pair of vertices of $G$ are connected by a path whose edges have distinct colors. The rainbow connection number $rc(G)$ of $G$ is defined to be the minimum integer $t$ such that there…

A path in an edge-colored graph $G$, where adjacent edges may have the same color, is called a rainbow path if no two edges of the path are colored the same. The rainbow connection number $rc(G)$ of $G$ is the minimum integer $i$ for which…

A tree $T$, in an edge-colored graph $G$, is called {\em a rainbow tree} if no two edges of $T$ are assigned the same color. For a vertex subset $S\in V(G)$, a tree that connects $S$ in $G$ is called an $S$-tree. A {\em $k$-rainbow…

Let $G$ be a nontrivial connected graph with an edge-coloring $c:E(G)\rightarrow \{1,2,\ldots,q\},$ $q\in \mathbb{N}$, where adjacent edges may be colored the same. A tree $T$ in $G$ is called a $rainbow~tree$ if no two edges of $T$ receive…

A path in an edge-colored graph $G$, where adjacent edges may have the same color, is called rainbow if no two edges of the path are colored the same. The rainbow connection number $rc(G)$ of $G$ is the smallest integer $k$ for which there…

Rainbow connection number rc(G) of a connected graph G is the minimum number of colours needed to colour the edges of G, so that every pair of vertices is connected by at least one path in which no two edges are coloured the same. In this…

A tree in an edge-colored connected graph $G$ is called \emph{a rainbow tree} if no two edges of it are assigned the same color. For a vertex subset $S\subseteq V(G)$, a tree is called an \emph{$S$-tree} if it connects $S$ in $G$. A…