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A strong edge-coloring of a graph is a proper edge-coloring, in which the edges of every path of length 3 receive distinct colors; in other words, every pair of edges at distance at most 2 must be colored differently. The least number of…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-12-03 Borut Lužar , Edita Máčajová , Roman Soták , Diana Švecová

In the flexible list coloring problem, we consider a graph $G$ and a color list assignment $L$ on $G$, as well as a subset $U \subseteq V(G)$ for which each $u \in U$ has a preferred color $p(u) \in L(u)$. Our goal is to find a proper…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-01-29 Richard Bi , Peter Bradshaw

We show that the edges of any planar graph of maximum degree at most $9$ can be partitioned into $4$ linear forests and a matching. Combined with known results, this implies that the edges of any planar graph $G$ of odd maximum degree…

组合数学 · 数学 2023-02-28 Marthe Bonamy , Jadwiga Czyżewska , Łukasz Kowalik , Michał Pilipczuk

An $r$-dynamic $k$-coloring of a graph $G$ is a proper $k$-coloring such that for any vertex $v$, there are at least $\min\{r,\deg_G(v) \}$ distinct colors in $N_G(v)$. The $r$-dynamic chromatic number $\chi_r^d(G)$ of a graph $G$ is the…

组合数学 · 数学 2017-09-25 Seog-Jin Kim , Boram Park

A graph $G$ is $(1,3)$-colorable if its vertices can be partitioned into subsets $V_1$ and $V_2$ so that every vertex in $G[V_1]$ has degree at most $1$ and every vertex in $G[V_2]$ has degree at most $3$. We prove that every graph with…

组合数学 · 数学 2023-10-13 Alexandr Kostochka , Jingwei Xu , Xuding Zhu

A strong edge-coloring of a graph $G$ is a coloring of the edges such that every color class induces a matching in $G$. The strong chromatic index of a graph is the minimum number of colors needed in a strong edge-coloring of the graph. In…

组合数学 · 数学 2018-06-20 Mingfang Huang , Michael Santana , Gexin Yu

A graph G is (d_1,..,d_l)-colorable if the vertex set of G can be partitioned into subsets V_1,..,V_l such that the graph G[V_i] induced by the vertices of V_i has maximum degree at most d_i for all 1 <= i <= l. In this paper, we focus on…

组合数学 · 数学 2013-06-06 Mickael Montassier , Pascal Ochem

Let $G=(V,E)$ be a graph. A (proper) $k$-edge-coloring is a coloring of the edges of $G$ such that any pair of edges sharing an endpoint receive distinct colors. A classical result of Vizing ensures that any simple graph $G$ admits a…

组合数学 · 数学 2020-01-07 Nicolas Bousquet , Bastien Durain

An (improper) graph colouring has "defect" $d$ if each monochromatic subgraph has maximum degree at most $d$, and has "clustering" $c$ if each monochromatic component has at most $c$ vertices. This paper studies defective and clustered…

组合数学 · 数学 2019-08-15 Kevin Hendrey , David R. Wood

Kostochka and Woodall (2001) conjectured that the square of every graph has the same chromatic number and list chromatic number. In 2015 Kim and Park disproved this conjecture for non-bipartite and bipartite graphs. It was asked by several…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-05-14 Morteza Hasanvand

A vertex coloring of a graph $G$ is said to be a 2-distance coloring if any two vertices at distance at most $2$ from each other receive different colors, and the least number of colors for which $G$ admits a $2$-distance coloring is known…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-08-21 Zakir Deniz

A strong edge-coloring of a graph $G$ is a coloring of edges of $G$ such that every color class forms an induced matching. The strong chromatic index is the minimum number of colors needed to color the graph. The Ore-degree $\theta(G)$ of a…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-09-09 Seth Nelson , Gexin Yu

A {\it proper conflict-free $c$-coloring} of a graph is a proper $c$-coloring such that each non-isolated vertex has a color appearing exactly once on its neighborhood. This notion was formally introduced by Fabrici et al., who proved that…

组合数学 · 数学 2022-04-13 Eun-Kyung Cho , Ilkyoo Choi , Hyemin Kwon , Boram Park

In this paper we show that every graph $G$ of bounded maximum average degree ${\rm mad}(G)$ and with maximum degree $\Delta$ can be edge-colored using the optimal number of $\Delta$ colors in quasilinear time, whenever $\Delta\ge 2{\rm…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2024-07-08 Lukasz Kowalik

A proper vertex coloring of a simple graph is $k$-forested if the graph induced by the vertices of any two color classes is a forest with maximum degree less than $k$. A graph is $k$-forested $q$-choosable if for a given list of $q$ colors…

组合数学 · 数学 2011-02-22 Xin Zhang , Guizhen Liu , Jian-Liang Wu

A strong edge-coloring of a graph $G$ is an edge-coloring such that no two edges of distance at most two receive the same color. The strong chromatic index $\chi'_s(G)$ is the minimum number of colors in a strong edge-coloring of $G$. P.…

组合数学 · 数学 2015-10-06 Chuanyun Zang

Let G be a planar graph with a list assignment L. Suppose a preferred color is given for some of the vertices. We prove that if G has girth at least six and all lists have size at least three, then there exists an L-coloring respecting at…

组合数学 · 数学 2021-02-17 Zdeněk Dvořák , Tomáš Masařík , Jan Musílek , Ondřej Pangrác

Esperet and Joret proved that planar graphs with bounded maximum degree are 3-colorable with bounded clustering. Liu and Wood asked whether the conclusion holds with the assumption of the bounded maximum degree replaced by assuming that no…

组合数学 · 数学 2023-06-19 Zdeněk Dvořák

Hajnal and Szemer\'{e}di proved that if $G$ is a finite graph with maximum degree $\Delta$, then for every integer $k \geqslant \Delta+1$, $G$ has a proper coloring with $k$ colors in which every two color classes differ in size at most by…

组合数学 · 数学 2021-10-04 Anton Bernshteyn , Clinton T. Conley

If $L$ is a list assignment of $r$ colors to each vertex of an $n$-vertex graph $G$, then an equitable $L$-coloring of $G$ is a proper coloring of vertices of $G$ from their lists such that no color is used more than $\lceil n/r\rceil$…

组合数学 · 数学 2023-09-08 H. A. Kierstead , Alexandr Kostochka , Zimu Xiang