物理与社会
The `15-minute city' has emerged as a central paradigm in urban planning, promoting universal access to work and essential services within short travel times. Its feasibility-particularly for commuting to work-has however rarely been…
Men who have sex with men (MSM) remain disproportionately affected by HIV, yet optimizing Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) distribution remains a public health challenge. Current guidelines and most modelling studies do not incorporate…
We study here relations between three inequality indices, namely the Gini ($g$), Pietra ($p$) and Kolkata ($k$) introduced in 1912, 1915 and 2014 respectively and all are derived from the Lorenz function $L(x)$ introduced in 1905. The…
Segregation is a multi-scale phenomenon that requires careful measurement. A segregation index implicitly defines how the demographic compositions of locations are compared. We identify two properties -- mean-minimisation and invariance --…
When different information sources on a given topic are combined, they interact in a nontrivial manner for a rational receiver of these information sources. Suppose that there are two information sources, one is genuine and the other…
The utilization of Large Language Models (LLMs) to power human-like agents has shown remarkable potential in simulating individual mobility pattern. However, a significant gap remains in modeling cohorts of agents in dynamic and interactive…
Involution, a phenomenon of excessive competition with diminishing returns, has become a pressing socio-economic concern in contemporary China, prompting both academic inquiry and policy interventions. This paper proposes an evolutionary…
We study a kinetic multi-agent framework coupling opinion dynamics with epidemic spreading, where individual social behaviour both affects and is affected by disease transmission. Each agent is characterised by an epidemiological state and…
Commuting patterns are a central component of urban dynamics and many societal activities. Exogenous shocks, such as a pandemic, might drastically modify them inducing heterogeneous variations across socioeconomic strata. Here, we quantify…
Targeted hub removal is known to weaken connectivity in heterogeneous networks. We show that in Barab\'asi--Albert networks the same intervention can also shift Watts threshold dynamics across the cascade critical point. For BA networks…
Social media platforms have become critical infrastructures for public communication, where large-scale interaction can both support socially beneficial collective pressure and amplify polarization and conflict. While opinion-dynamics…
Breakthrough technologies increasingly shape social institutions, economic systems, and political futures. Yet models of research excellence associated with such technologies often prioritize technical performance, scalability, and…
The universal prevalence of cooperation is puzzling, as defection typically yields higher payoffs than cooperation, motivating searches for hidden pathways to cooperation. Here we study a game-theoretic model on a lattice structured…
Racism remains a persistent societal issue, increasingly amplified by the structure and dynamics of online social networks. In this work, we propose a three-state compartmental model to study the spreading and suppression of racist content,…
Music is a structured and perceptually rich sequence of sounds in time, whose perception is shaped by the interplay of expectation and uncertainty about what comes next. Yet the uncertainty we infer from music depends on how the musical…
Assessing the resilience of the economy requires accounting for its intrinsic multi-layer nature, by assessing for instance how disruptions at the firm level spread through the production network and propagate to the banking sector. Methods…
Network science has traditionally examined how structure determines dynamics. Here we invert this paradigm: we ask how functional dynamics and resource constraints shape network architecture. We introduce GradNet, an AI-enabled optimization…
We study the dynamics and intervention strategies of a rumor using the modified Maki-Thompson model. A key challenge in social networks is distinguishing between natural increases in transmissibility and artificial injections of rumor…
An individual's opinion concerning political bias in the media is shaped by exogenous factors (independent analysis of media outputs) and endogenous factors (social activity, e.g. peer pressure by political allies and opponents in a…
"An advanced city is not a place where the poor move about in cars, rather it's where even the rich use public transportation". This is what Enrique Penalosa, the celebrated ex-mayor of Bogota once said. However, in order to achieve this…