物理与社会
We study the finite-size Kuramoto model of all-to-all coupled phase oscillators with heterogeneous natural frequencies and characterize the minimal coupling strength required for the existence of a fully phase-locked equilibrium (in a…
We extend the Fokker-Planck framework of Froseth (2026, arXiv:2603.05283) to populations of investors with heterogeneous, persistent return-generating ability. When the drift coefficient in the Langevin equation for log-wealth varies across…
A proportional wealth tax - a levy on the stock of wealth - preserves portfolio neutrality by acting as a uniform drift shift in the Fokker-Planck equation for wealth dynamics. We extend this result to the full system of ownership taxes…
We reformulate the neutral wealth tax framework of Froeseth (2026; arXiv:2603.05264) in the language of stochastic dynamics and statistical physics. Individual wealth under geometric Brownian motion satisfies a Langevin equation with…
We propose new methods of electoral statistics. With their help, we study transcripts of vote counting in municipal elections. We construct and apply effective statistical tests to detect the ballot stuffing at the level of individual…
The growth of urban areas intensifies the need for sustainable, efficient transportation infrastructure and mobility systems, driving initiatives to enhance infrastructure and public transit while reducing traffic congestion and emissions.…
The expansion of urban centers necessitates enhanced efficiency and sustainability in their transportation infrastructure and mobility systems. The big data obtainable from various transportation modes potentially offers critical insights…
We study the effect of assortative and disassortative mixing on the robustness of networks under random node failures. For ordinary (dyadic) networks, by using the generating function technique and stochastic simulations, we show that the…
Why do capitalist economies recurrently generate crises whose severity is disproportionate to the size of the triggering shock? This paper proposes a structural answer grounded in the evolutionary geometry of production networks. As…
How long a technological civilization remains active, and what determines whether it collapses or persists, is a central question for both projecting humanity's future and assessing the prevalence of detectable intelligence in the galaxy.…
Many complex systems are composed of disparate, interacting types of varying sizes: Species abundances in ecosystems, firm sizes in markets, city populations in countries, word counts in language, etc. A longstanding mystery of complex…
Fr{\o}seth (2026; arXiv:2603.05264) shows that a proportional wealth tax on market values is neutral with respect to portfolio choice, Sharpe ratios, and equilibrium prices under CRRA preferences and geometric Brownian motion. This paper…
We analyse the effect of a proportional wealth tax on asset returns, portfolio choice, and asset pricing. The tax is levied annually on the market value of all holdings at a uniform rate. We show that such a tax is economically equivalent…
Most vaccines require multiple doses, the first to induce recognition and antibody production and subsequent doses to boost the primary response and achieve optimal protection. We show that properly prioritizing the administration of first…
This paper investigates DeGroot-Friedkin (DF) dynamics over signed influence networks with interdependent topics. We propose a multi-topic signed framework that combines repelling interpersonal interactions with cross-issue self-appraisal,…
Renewable liquid fuels are essential for achieving emissions targets for hard-to-electrify sectors such as aviation and shipping. While biofuels and synthetic e-fuels have been well-studied, e-biofuels, produced by adding renewable hydrogen…
Unravelling current complex food systems is relevant for their adjustment and redesign under the current changing climate conditions. Redesign may be necessitated by migration of people and changes of locations of major agri-food…
In this study, we investigate the interplay between player speed and ball control in soccer. We present a novel pitch control algorithm that quantifies the probability of a player gaining possession at any location on the field. Our model…
Understanding what and how causal dynamical mechanisms generate collective phenomena is a central challenge in complexity science. Recent studies have focused on identifying the mechanisms underlying the synergistic interdependencies that…
Cooperation is a key driver of human social progress. Studies of the evolution of cooperation typically assume a deterministic outcome for social interactions. But in real-world social interactions, interaction outcomes are often subject to…