综合数学

Given a quadratic two-parameter matrix polynomial in Newton basis $Q_{N} (\lambda ,\mu)$, we construct a vector space of linear two-parameter matrix polynomials and identify a set of linearizations which lie in the vector space. We also…

This paper introduces a novel generalization of the classical concept of $S$-metric spaces, referred to as composed $S$-metric spaces. By incorporating a composed function, we impose more general conditions on the triangle inequality,…

Let $d_1 = 1 < d_2 < d_3 < \cdots < d_{\tau(n)} = n$ denote the increasing sequence of the divisors of a positive integer $n$. In this paper, for real or complex values of $\alpha$, we define and study some properties of two new divisor…

We establish a new identity linking Bernoulli, Stirling (first kind), and Bessel (first kind) numbers: \[ \sum_{k=0}^{n} 2^{\,n-k}\,s(n,k)\,B_k \;=\; \sum_{k=0}^{n} b(n,k)\,\frac{(-1)^k\,k!}{k+1}. \] This parallels the classical…

Does $20$ have a friend? Or is it a solitary number? A folklore conjecture asserts that $20$ has no friends i.e. it is a solitary number. In this article, we prove that, a friend $N$ of $20$ is of the form $N=2\cdot5^{2a}\cdot m^2$, with…

In this brief article we try to find an ''interpretation'' for the formalism $\sqrt{dx}$.

For the sequence defined by \[ a(n) = \frac{n^2 - n - 1}{\gcd\big(n^2 - n - 1,\, b(n-3) + n\,b(n-4)\big)} \] Where $b(n) = (n+2)\big(b(n-1) - b(n-2)\big),$ with initial conditions $b(-1) = 0$ and $b(0) = 1$, we find that $a(n)$ contains…

In the decimal numeral system, we prove that the well-known Graham's number, $G := \! ^{n}3$ (i.e., $3^{3^{\cdot^{\cdot^{\cdot^{3}}}}}$ ($n$ times)), and any base $3$ tetration whose hyperexponent is larger than $n$ share the same…

We establish new uniform height inequalities for rational points on higher-dimensional varieties, extending the classical Roth-Schmidt-Subspace paradigm to the Arakelov-theoretic setting. Our main result provides sharp bounds for heights…

This paper considers a nonlinear spherical pendulum whose suspension point performs high-frequency spatial vibrations. The dynamics of this pendulum can be described by averaging its Hamiltonian over phases of vibrations. Rotationally…

This article extends our previous study on the summatory behavior of Euler's totient function $\varphi(n)$. We investigate two complementary restricted sums, $\Upsilon(x,p)=\sum_{\substack{k\le x\\\gcd(k,p)=1}}\varphi(k)$ and…

We provide answers to natural combinatorial questions which arise from learning the rules to Tak. We solve the discarded cases of the $3\times 3$ game not previously considered by Joshua Achiam, showing that Player $1$ has a forced win from…

Let $G$ be a connected graph. A non-empty $S\subseteq V(G)$ is a $2$-movable dominating set of $G$ if $S$ is a dominating set and for every pair $x,y \in S$, $S\backslash \{x, y\}$ is a dominating set in $G$, or there exist $u, v \in V(G)…

We introduce a one-parameter family of Borel regular measures on $\mathbb{R}^n$ that enhances Lebesgue measure by incorporating a scale-invariant penalty for codimension-1 boundary structures. Utilizing Carath\'eodory's outer measure…

Polynomial series approximations are a central theme in approximation theory due to their utility in an abundance of numerical applications. The two types of series, which are featured most prominently, are Taylor series expansions and…

The Erdos-Kac theorem, a foundational result in probabilistic number theory, states that the number of prime factors of an integer follows a Gaussian distribution. In this paper we develop and analyze probabilistic models for "random…

In this work we study integrals of the form $\int_{0}^{\infty}\frac{\tanh(x)}{x}\mathrm{sech}(x)^{L}\exp(-Tx)dx$. For $L \in \mathbb{N}$, $L \leq 4$ and $T \in \mathbb{R}$ we give explicit expressions in terms of derivatives of the Hurwitz…

The scope of the present work is to explain why it is true that all N have a distinct position in The Collatz Tree (The Collatz Graph)

In this paper, we present an overview of the development of one of the most dynamic areas of mathematics today: local differential operators of non-integer order. The underlying question is whether we are witnessing a period of…

We study the geometric aspects of the magic trick called Gozinta Boxes. We generalize Gozinta Boxes to other dimensions, and we show that in three and higher dimensions, the maximum number of boxes is 3, and in two dimensions, the maximum…