中文

逆柯西矩阵的元之和

环与代数 2023-05-09 v1

摘要

x1,x2,,xnx_{1},x_{2},\ldots,x_{n}nn 个数,y1,y2,,yny_{1},y_{2},\ldots,y_{n} 为另 nn 个数,选取使得所有 n2n^{2} 个两两和 xi+yjx_{i}+y_{j} 均非零。考虑 n×nn\times n 矩阵 C:=(1xi+yj)1in, 1jn=(1x1+y11x1+y21x1+yn1x2+y11x2+y21x2+yn1xn+y11xn+y21xn+yn). C:=\left( \dfrac{1}{x_{i}+y_{j}}\right) _{1\leq i\leq n,\ 1\leq j\leq n} = \begin{pmatrix} \dfrac{1}{x_{1}+y_{1}} & \dfrac{1}{x_{1}+y_{2}} & \cdots & \dfrac{1}{x_{1}+y_{n}}\\ \dfrac{1}{x_{2}+y_{1}} & \dfrac{1}{x_{2}+y_{2}} & \cdots & \dfrac{1}{x_{2}+y_{n}}\\ \vdots & \vdots & \ddots & \vdots\\ \dfrac{1}{x_{n}+y_{1}} & \dfrac{1}{x_{n}+y_{2}} & \cdots & \dfrac{1}{x_{n}+y_{n}} \end{pmatrix}. 该矩阵 CC 被称为“柯西矩阵”,已被研究 180 年。一个经典结论说:若 CC 可逆,则其逆矩阵 C1C^{-1} 的所有元之和为 k=1nxk+k=1nyk\sum_{k=1}^{n}x_{k}+\sum_{k=1}^{n}y_{k}。我们给出该结论的一个简单而简短的证明,并简要讨论一种“热带化”变体,其中元 1xi+yj\dfrac{1}{x_i+y_j} 被替换为 min{xi,yj} \min\left\{ x_{i},y_{j}\right\}

关键词

引用

@article{arxiv.2301.09777,
  title  = {The entry sum of the inverse Cauchy matrix},
  author = {Darij Grinberg},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2301.09777},
  year   = {2023}
}

备注

7 pages. Expository note