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Immune cells recognize and discriminate antigens through immunological synapses - dynamic intercellular junctions exhibiting highly organized receptor-ligand patterns. While much work has focused on molecular kinetics and passive mechanisms…
Site-specific recombination on supercoiled circular DNA molecules can yield a variety of knots and catenanes. Twist knots are some of the most common conformations of these products and they can act as substrates for further rounds of…
This article presents an adaptive Super-Twisting Sliding Mode Control framework for uncertain first-order systems, with rate-bounded perturbations, where the bound is constant but unknown. Positive definite barrier functions, when used in…
The ever increasing need for performance results in increasingly rigorous demands on throughput and positioning accuracy of high-precision motion systems, which often suffer from position dependent effects that originate from relative…
We investigate experimentally the distribution of configurations of a ring with an elementary topological constraint, a ``figure-8'' twist. Using vibrated granular chains, which permit controlled preparation and direct observation of such a…
We study the electrical modulation of the transport properties of silicene constrictions with different geometrical structures by adopting the tight-binding model and non-equilibrium Green's function method. The band structure and…
Many organisms possess both a cell cycle to control DNA replication and a circadian clock to anticipate changes between day and night. In some cases, these two rhythmic systems are known to be coupled by specific, cross-regulatory…
In this study, a new position control scheme for the tendon-sheath mechanism (TSM) which is used in flexible medical devices is presented. TSM is widely used in dexterous robotic applications because it can flexibly work in limited space,…
Despite the extensive research that has been conducted for decades on the behavior of confined liquids, detailed knowledge of this phenomenon, particularly in the mixed/boundary lubrication regime, remains limited. This can be attributed to…
Cytoskeletons are self-organized networks based on polymerized proteins: actin, tubulin, and driven by motor proteins, such as myosin, kinesin and dynein. Their positive Darwinian evolution enables them to approach optimized functionality…
The initiation of directional cell motion requires symmetry breaking that can happen both with or without external stimuli. During cell crawling, forces generated by the cytoskeleton and their transmission through mechanosensitive adhesions…
The Tethered Particle Motion (TPM) method has been used to observe and characterize a variety of protein-DNA interactions including DNA looping and transcription. TPM experiments exploit the Brownian motion of a DNA-tethered bead to probe…
Proteins need to selectively interact with specific targets among a multitude of similar molecules in the cell. But despite a firm physical understanding of binding interactions, we lack a general theory of how proteins evolve high…
Epigenetic mechanisms of silencing via heritable chromatin modifications play a major role in gene regulation and cell fate specification. We consider a model of epigenetic chromatin silencing in budding yeast and study the bifurcation…
The determination of a 'folding core' can help to provide insight into the structure, flexibility, mobility and dynamics, and hence, ultimately, function of a protein - a central concern of structural biology. Changes in the folding core…
The natural impedance, or dynamic relationship between force and motion, of a human operator can determine the stability of exoskeletons that use interaction-torque feedback to amplify human strength. While human impedance is typically…
Conventional kinesin is a homodimeric motor protein that unidirectionally transports organelles along filamentous microtubule (MT) by hydrolyzing ATP molecules. This study shows that the load modulations of ATP turnover and head diffusion…
Many researchers have been encouraged to describe the dynamics of chromosomal loci in chromatin using the classical Rouse model of polymer dynamics by the agreement between the measured mean square displacement (MSD) versus time of…
The speed of site-specific binding of transcription factor (TFs) proteins with genomic DNA seems to be strongly retarded by the randomly occurring sequence traps. Traps are those DNA sequences sharing significant similarity with the…
In recent past, experiments and simulations have suggested that apart from the solvent friction, friction arising from the protein itself plays an important role in protein folding by affecting the intra-chain loop formation dynamics. This…