相关论文: Geometry of River Networks I: Scaling, Fluctuation…
River networks serve as a paradigmatic example of all branching networks. Essential to understanding the overall structure of river networks is a knowledge of their detailed architecture. Here we show that sub-branches are distributed…
The structure of a river network may be seen as a discrete set of nested sub-networks built out of individual stream segments. These network components are assigned an integral stream order via a hierarchical and discrete ordering method.…
Scaling laws that describe the structure of river networks are shown to follow from three simple assumptions. These assumptions are: (1) river networks are structurally self-similar, (2) single channels are self-affine, and (3) overland…
Rivers exhibit fractal-like properties that are associated with scaling laws linking geometry and size. The optimal channel network (OCN) model, which is a mathematically tractable representation of river networks often used in theoretical…
We propose a model of random diffusion to investigate flow fluctuations in complex networks. We derive an analytical law showing that the dependence of fluctuations with the mean traffic in a network is ruled by the delicate interplay of…
We investigate the dependence of river network scaling on the relative dominance of slope vs. noise in initial conditions, using an erosion model. Increasing slope causes network patterns to transition from dendritic to parallel and results…
In the study of complex networks (systems), the scaling phenomenon of flow fluctuations refers to a certain power-law between the mean flux (activity) $<F_i>$ of the $i$th node and its variance $\sigma_i$ as $\sigma_i \propto < F_{i} >…
We investigate flow dynamics in rivers characterized by basin areas and daily mean discharge spanning different orders of magnitude. We show that the delayed increments evaluated at time scales ranging from days to months can be opportunely…
How does the shape of a network change as its size increases? Although random graph models provide some expectations for such "scaling behaviors" in the structure of networks, relatively little is known about how empirical network structure…
We describe the statistical properties of two large river systems: the Danube and the Mississippi. The properties of the two rivers are compared qualitatively to the general properties of a critical steady state system. Specifically, we…
The effects of erosion, avalanching and random precipitation are captured in a simple stochastic partial differential equation for modelling the evolution of river networks. Our model leads to a self-organized structured landscape and to…
The scaling behavior of fluctuation for a download network which we have investigated a few years ago based upon Zhang's Encophysics web page has been presented. A power law scaling, namely $\sigma \sim < f> ^ \alpha $ exists between the…
We investigated the scaling and topology of engineered urban drainage networks (UDNs) in two cities, and further examined UDN evolution over decades. UDN scaling was analyzed using two power-law characteristics widely employed for river…
River networks exhibit a complex ramified structure that has inspired decades of studies. Yet, an understanding of the propagation of a single stream remains elusive. Here we invoke a criterion for path selection from fracture mechanics and…
We analyze the Optimal Channel Network model for river networks using both analytical and numerical approaches. This is a lattice model in which a functional describing the dissipated energy is introduced and minimized in order to find the…
We report on a large-scale characterization of river discharges by employing the network framework of the horizontal visibility graph. By mapping daily time series from 141 different stations of 53 Brazilian rivers into complex networks, we…
We study the role of finiteness and fluctuations about average quantities for basic structural properties of growing networks. We first determine the exact degree distribution of finite networks by generating function approaches. The…
Fluctuation scaling is observed phenomenon from complex networks through finance to ecology. It means that the variance and the mean of a specific quantity are related as $\ev{\sigma^2|n}\propto \ev{n|A}^{2\alpha}$ with $1/2\geq \alpha \geq…
Most complex networks serve as conduits for various dynamical processes, ranging from mass transfer by chemical reactions in the cell to packet transfer on the Internet. We collected data on the time dependent activity of five natural and…
We study the scaling of fluctuations with the mean of traffic in complex networks using a model where the arrival and departure of "packets" follow exponential distributions, and the processing capability of nodes is either unlimited or…