相关论文: Phase Transitions In Two-Dimensional Traffic Flow …

We consider the first passage percolation model on the square lattice with an edge weight distribution F. In this paper, we consider the number of optimal paths for two points separated by a long distance. We show that there is a phase…

Recently, Lipowski [cond-mat/0002378] investigated a stochastic lattice model which exhibits a discontinuous transition from an active phase into infinitely many absorbing states. Since the transition is accompanied by an apparent power-law…

We study the time-averaged flow in a model of particles that randomly hop on a finite directed graph. In the limit as the number of particles and the time window go to infinity but the graph remains finite, the large-deviation rate…

During the last decades, the study of cities has been transformed by new approaches combining engineering and complexity sciences. Network theory is playing a central role, facilitating the quantitative analysis of crucial urban dynamics,…

To provide a phenomenological theory for the various interesting transitions in restructuring networks we employ a statistical mechanical approach with detailed balance satisfied for the transitions between topological states. This enables…

We discuss a phenomenological approach to the description of unstable vehicle motion on multilane highways that could explain in a simple way such observed self-organizing phenomena as the sequence of the phase transitions "free flow ->…

We study an asymmetric simple exclusion process in a strip in the presence of a solid impenetrable barrier. We focus on the effect of the barrier on the residence time of the particles, namely, the typical time needed by the particles to…

The Biham-Middleton-Levine (BML) traffic model, a cellular automaton with east-bound and north-bound cars moving by turns on a square lattice, has been an underpinning model in the study of collective behaviour by cars, pedestrians and even…

We investigate a model for driven exclusion processes where internal states are assigned to the particles. The latter account for diverse situations, ranging from spin states in spintronics to parallel lanes in intracellular or vehicular…

Particle flows in spatial networks are susceptible to congestion. In this paper, we analyze the phase transitions of these networks to a state of congested transport and the influence of both topology and spatial dynamics on its emergence.…

A general system of particles (of one or several species) on a one dimensional lattice with boundaries is considered. Two general behaviors of such systems are investigated. The stationary behavior of the system, and the dominant way of the…

We numerically study jamming transitions in pedestrian flow interacting with an attraction, mostly based on the social force model for pedestrians who can join the attraction. We formulate the joining probability as a function of social…

We study first- and second-order phase transitions of ferromagnetic lattice models on scale-free networks, with a degree exponent $\gamma$. Using the example of the $q$-state Potts model we derive a general self-consistency relation within…

We investigate two models for traffic flow with modified acceleration ('slow-to-start') rules. Even in the simplest case $v_{max}=1$ these rules break the 'particle-hole` symmetry of the model. We determine the fundamental diagram…

It is known that inhomogeneous second-order macroscopic traffic models can reproduce the phantom traffic jam phenomenon: whenever the sub-characteristic condition is violated, uniform traffic flow is unstable, and small perturbations grow…

A two--dimensional cellular automaton is introduced to model the flow and jamming of vehicular traffic in cities. Each site of the automaton represents a crossing where a finite number of cars can wait approaching the crossing from each of…

A simple algorithm for constructing an effective traffic model is presented. The algorithm uses statistically well-defined quantities extracted from the flow-density plot, and the resulting effective model naturally captures and predicts…

Two-phase flow systems in porous media have complex dynamics. It is well established that a wide range of system parameters like viscosities and porosity as well as flow parameters such as pressure gradient and fluid saturation have strong…

In the framework of schematic hard spheres lattice models for granular media we investigate the phenomenon of the ``jamming transition''. In particular, using Edwards' approach, by analytical calculations at a mean field level, we derive…

Based on the two-dimensional lattice fermion model, we discuss transitions between different pairing states. Each phase is labeled by an integer which is a topological invariant and characterized by vortices of the Bloch wavefunction. The…