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We define a second Steenrod square for virtual links, which is stronger than Khovanov homology for virtual links, toward constructing Khovanov-Lipshitz-Sarkar stable homotopy type for virtual links. This induces the first meaningful…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2022-08-22 Louis H. Kauffman , Eiji Ogasa

In this dissertation, we extend the odd Khovanov bracket to link cobordisms and prove that our construction is functorial up to sign. We then build an odd Khovanov theory for dotted link cobordisms. Out of the dotted theory, a module…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2025-10-28 Jacob Migdail

Let $\Delta$ be a trivial knot in the three-sphere. For every finite cyclic group $G$ of odd order, we construct a $G$-equivariant Khovanov homology with coefficients in the filed $\F_{2}$. This homology is an invariant of links up to…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2007-05-23 Nafaa Chbili

Khovanov homology is a recently introduced invariant of oriented links in $\mathbb{R}^3$. It categorifies the Jones polynomial in the sense that the (graded) Euler characteristic of the Khovanov homology is a version of the Jones polynomial…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2018-06-20 Alexander N. Shumakovitch

Two natural generalizations of knot theory are the study of spatially embedded graphs, and Kauffman's theory of virtual knots. In this paper we combine these approaches to begin the study of virtual spatial graphs.

几何拓扑 · 数学 2009-01-10 Thomas Fleming , Blake Mellor

In the first few homological gradings, there is an isomorphism between the Khovanov homology of a link and the categorification of the chromatic polynomial of a graph related to the link. In this article, we show that the categorification…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2017-03-16 Adam M. Lowrance , Radmila Sazdanovic

We describe a bordered version of totally twisted Khovanov homology. We first twist Roberts's type $D$ structure by adding a "vertical" type $D$ structure which generalizes the vertical map in twisted tangle homology. One of the distinct…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2014-06-13 Nguyen D. Duong

We introduce a multi-parameter deformation of the triply-graded Khovanov--Rozansky homology of links colored by one-column Young diagrams, generalizing the "$y$-ified" link homology of Gorsky--Hogancamp and work of Cautis--Lauda--Sussan.…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2021-07-21 Matthew Hogancamp , David E. V. Rose , Paul Wedrich

We introduce a class of links strictly containing quasi-alternating links for which mod 2 reduced Khovanov homology is always thin. We compute the framed instanton homology for double branched covers of such links. Aligning certain dotted…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2024-09-09 Christopher Scaduto , Matthew Stoffregen

Kuperberg [Algebr. Geom. Topol. 3 (2003) 587-591] has shown that a virtual knot corresponds (up to generalized Reidemeister moves) to a unique embedding in a thichened surface of minimal genus. If a virtual knot diagram is equivalent to a…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2014-10-01 H. A. Dye , Louis H. Kauffman

The Turaev surface of a link diagram $D$ is a closed, oriented surface constructed from a cobordism between the all-$A$ and all-$B$ Kauffman states of $D$. The Turaev genus of a link $L$ is the minimum genus of the Turaev surface of any…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2025-08-19 Theo Beldon , Mia DeStefano , Adam M. Lowrance , Wyatt Milgrim , Cecilia Villaseñor

We extend the covering of even and odd Khovanov link homology to tangles, using arc algebras. For this, we develop the theory of quasi-associative algebras and bimodules graded over a category with a 3-cocycle. Furthermore, we show that a…

量子代数 · 数学 2021-03-09 Grégoire Naisse , Krzysztof Putyra

We introduce a refinement of Bar-Natan homology for involutive links, extending the work of Lobb-Watson and Sano. We construct a new suite of numerical invariants and derive bounds for the genus of equivariant cobordisms between strongly…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2025-07-21 Maciej Borodzik , Irving Dai , Abhishek Mallick , Matthew Stoffregen

Khovanov homology ist a new link invariant, discovered by M. Khovanov, and used by J. Rasmussen to give a combinatorial proof of the Milnor conjecture. In this thesis, we give examples of mutant links with different Khovanov homology. We…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2008-10-07 Stephan M. Wehrli

Knot data analysis (KDA), which studies data with curve-type structures such as knots, links, and tangles, has emerging as a promising geometric topology approach in data science. While evolutionary Khovanov homology has been developed to…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2025-09-23 Jian Liu , Li Shen , Guo-Wei Wei

We use the knot homology of Khovanov and Lee to construct link concordance invariants generalizing the Rasmussen $s$-invariant of knots. The relevant invariant for a link is a filtration on a vector space of dimension $2^{|L|}$. The basic…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2012-08-14 John Pardon

A virtual link diagram is called normal if the associated abstract link diagram is checkerboard colorable, and a virtual link is normal if it has a normal diagram as a representative. Normal virtual links have some properties similar to…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2017-12-29 Naoko Kamada

A group invariant for links in thickened closed orientable surfaces is studied. Associated polynomial invariants are defined. The group detects nontriviality of a virtual link and determines its virtual genus.

几何拓扑 · 数学 2014-10-01 J. Scott Carter , Daniel S. Silver , Susan G. Williams

This paper is an introduction to the subject of virtual knot theory, combined with a discussion of some specific new theorems about virtual knots. The new results are as follows: We prove, using a 3-dimensional topology approach that if a…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2007-05-23 Louis Kauffman , Vassily Olegovich Manturov

In this paper, we study the Khovanov homology of an alternating virtual link $L$ and show that it is supported on $g+2$ diagonal lines, where $g$ equals the virtual genus of $L$. Specifically, we show that $Kh^{i,j}(L)$ is supported on the…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2019-04-30 Homayun Karimi