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We prove that every 3-connected planar graph on $n$ vertices contains an induced path on $\Omega(\log n)$ vertices, which is best possible and improves the best known lower bound by a multiplicative factor of $\log \log n$. We deduce that…

组合数学 · 数学 2016-12-20 Louis Esperet , Laetitia Lemoine , Frédéric Maffray

This paper is expository and is accessible to students. We define simple invariants of knots or links (linking number, Arf-Casson invariants and Alexander-Conway polynomials) motivated by interesting results whose statements are accessible…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2021-12-15 A. Skopenkov

We present evidence in support of a conjecture that a bipartite graph with at least five vertices in each part and |E(G)| \geq 4 |V(G)| - 17 is intrinsically knotted. We prove the conjecture for graphs that have exactly five or exactly six…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2008-11-04 Sophy Huck , Alexandra Appel , Miguel-Angel Manrique , Thomas W Mattman

A directed graph $G$ is $\textit{intrinsically linked}$ if every embedding of that graph contains a non-split link $L$, where each component of $L$ is a consistently oriented cycle in $G$. A $\textit{tournament}$ is a directed graph where…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2019-01-14 Thomas Fleming , Joel Foisy

We show that there are only finitely many homogeneous links whose Conway polynomial has any given degree. Using this we give an example of an inhomogeneous, fibred knot. Secondly, we show how to compute the monodromy of a homogeneous link…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2012-07-03 Mark Bell

To every knot (or link) diagram K, we associate a cluster algebra A that contains a cluster x with the property that every cluster variable in x specializes to the Alexander polynomial of K. We call x the knot cluster of A. Furthermore,…

组合数学 · 数学 2024-05-28 Véronique Bazier-Matte , Ralf Schiffler

Relative self-linking and linking "numbers" for pairs of knots in oriented 3-manifolds are defined in terms of intersection invariants of immersed surfaces in 4-manifolds. The resulting concordance invariants generalize the usual…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2014-10-01 Rob Schneiderman

We connect two important conjectures in the theory of knot polynomials. The first one is the property Al_R(q) = Al_{[1]}(q^{|R|}) for all single hook Young diagrams R, which is known to hold for all knots. The second conjecture claims that…

高能物理 - 理论 · 物理学 2018-04-11 A. Mironov , A. Morozov

Conway and Gordon proved that for every spatial complete graph on six vertices, the sum of the linking numbers over all of the constituent two-component links is odd, and Kazakov and Korablev proved that for every spatial complete graph…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2021-04-09 Hiroko Morishita , Ryo Nikkuni

Given any unoriented link diagram, a group of new knot invariants are constructed. Each of them satisfies a generalized 4 term skein relation. The coefficients of each invariant is from a commutative ring. Homomorphisms and representations…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2010-04-14 Zhiqing Yang , Jifu Xiao

One construction of the Alexander polynomial is as a quantum invariant associated with representations of restricted quantum $\mathfrak{sl}_2$ at a fourth root of unity. We generalize this construction to define a link invariant…

量子代数 · 数学 2026-03-19 Matthew Harper

A low-dimensional version of our main result is the following `converse' of the Conway-Gordon-Sachs Theorem on intrinsic linking of the graph $K_6$ in 3-space: For any integer $z$ there are 6 points $1,2,3,4,5,6$ in 3-space, of which every…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2026-01-08 R. Karasev , A. Skopenkov

We construct a simply connected $2-$complex $C$ embeddable in $3-$space such that for any embedding of $C$ in $\mathbb S^3$, any edge contraction forms a minor of the $2-$complex not embeddable in $3-$space. We achieve this by proving that…

组合数学 · 数学 2020-03-03 Johannes Carmesin , Lyuben Lichev

We study relations between cluster algebra invariants and link invariants. First, we show that several constructions of positroid links (permutation links, Richardson links, grid diagram links, plabic graph links) give rise to isotopic…

组合数学 · 数学 2022-08-03 Pavel Galashin , Thomas Lam

This is a short note describing what I believe is a serious gap in Stanfield's proof of Sachs' conjecture that every linklessly embeddable graph has a linear linkless embedding in $\mathbb{R}^3$.

几何拓扑 · 数学 2026-03-12 Ramin Naimi

We introduce and study knots and links in 2-dimensional complexes. In particular, we define linking numbers for oriented two-component links in 2-complexes and a Kauffman-type bracket polynomial for links in 2-complexes. We also discuss…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2023-06-13 Vladimir Turaev

For every spatial embedding of each graph in the Petersen family, it is known that the sum of the linking numbers over all of the constituent 2-component links is congruent to 1 modulo 2. In this paper, we give an integral lift of this…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2020-05-19 Hiroka Hashimoto , Ryo Nikkuni

It is shown that for any locally knotted edge of a 3-connected graph in $S^3$, there is a ball that contains all of the local knots of that edge and is unique up to an isotopy setwise fixing the graph. This result is applied to the study of…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2015-03-17 Erica Flapan , Blake Mellor , Ramin Naimi

We describe an algorithm that recognizes some (perhaps all) intrinsically knotted (IK) graphs, and can help find knotless embeddings for graphs that are not IK. The algorithm, implemented as a Mathematica program, has already been used by…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2013-10-10 Jonathan Miller , Ramin Naimi

A generic immersion of a planar graph into the 2-space is said to be knotted if there does not exist a trivial embedding of the graph into the 3-space obtained by lifting the immersion with respect to the natural projection from the 3-space…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2020-05-19 Youngsik Huh , Ryo Nikkuni