相关论文: Failure and avalanches in complex networks

The size distribution of planned and forced outages and following restoration times in power systems have been studied for almost two decades and has drawn great interest as they display heavy tails. Understanding of this phenomenon has…

Modern societies crucially depend on the robust supply with electric energy. Blackouts of power grids can thus have far reaching consequences. During a blackout, often the failure of a single infrastructure, such as a critical transmission…

Power-law type probability density functions spanning several orders of magnitude are found for different avalanche properties. We propose a methodology to overcome empirical constrains that limit the power-law range for the distributions…

Neuronal avalanches are a novel mode of activity in neuronal networks, experimentally found in vitro and in vivo, and exhibit a robust critical behaviour: These avalanches are characterized by a power law distribution for the size and…

This paper centers on the comparison of three different models that describe cascading failures of power systems. Specifically, these models are different in characterizing the physical properties of power networks and computing the branch…

Consensus about the universality of the power law feature in complex networks is experiencing profound challenges. To shine fresh light on this controversy, we propose a generic theoretical framework in order to examine the power law…

The size or energy of diverse structures or phenomena in geoscience appears to follow power-law distributions. A rigorous statistical analysis of such observations is tricky, though. Observables can span several orders of magnitude, but the…

This article describes a gradient complex network model whose weights are proportional to the difference between uniformly distributed ``fitness'' values assigned to the nodes. It is shown analytically and experimentally that the strength…

Network redundancy is one of the spatial network structural properties critical to robustness against cascading failures in power networks. The waiting-time distributions for network partitions in cascading failures explain how the spatial…

The power grid defines one of the most important technological networks of our times and sustains our complex society. It has evolved for more than a century into an extremely huge and seemingly robust and well understood system. But it…

Power law-like size distributions are ubiquitous in astrophysical instabilities. There are at least four natural effects that cause deviations from ideal power law size distributions, which we model here in a generalized way: (1) a physical…

The instability introduced in a large scale-free network by the triggering of node-breaking avalanches is analyzed using the fiber-bundle model as conceptual framework. We found, by measuring the size of the giant component, the avalanche…

We study the distributions of the resilience of power flow models against transmission line failures via a so-called backup capacity. We consider three ensembles of random networks and in addition, the topology of the British transmission…

The energy transition towards high shares of renewable energy will affect the stability of electricity grids in many ways. Here, we aim to study its impact on propagation of disturbances by solving nonlinear swing equations describing…

We propose a model which explains how power-law crossover behaviour can arise in a system which is capable of experiencing cascading failure. In our model the susceptibility of the system to cascades is described by a single number, the…

We review limiting models for fracture in bundles of fibers, with statistically distributed thresholds for breakdown of individual fibers. During the breakdown process, avalanches consisting of simultaneous rupture of several fibers occur,…

This paper presents a complex systems overview of a power grid network. In recent years, concerns about the robustness of the power grid have grown because of several cascading outages in different parts of the world. In this paper,…

We investigate the relevance of {\sl self-organized criticality (SOC)} models in previously published empirical datasets, which includes statistical observations in astrophysics, geophysics, biophysics, sociophysics, and informatics. We…

We propose a model of random diffusion to investigate flow fluctuations in complex networks. We derive an analytical law showing that the dependence of fluctuations with the mean traffic in a network is ruled by the delicate interplay of…

We investigate the failure process of fiber bundles with structural disorder represented by the random misalignment of fibers. The strength of fibers is assumed to be constant so that misalignment is the only source of disorder, which…