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We define coarse proximity structures, which are an analog of small-scale proximity spaces in the large-scale context. We show that metric spaces induce coarse proximity structures, and we construct a natural small-scale proximity…

度量几何 · 数学 2024-04-16 Pawel Grzegrzolka , Jeremy Siegert

A self-similar growth-fragmentation describes the evolution of particles that grow and split as time passes. Its genealogy yields a self-similar continuum tree endowed with an intrinsic measure. Extending results of Haas for pure…

概率论 · 数学 2018-04-13 François G. Ged

The coarse similarity class $[A]$ of $A$ is the set of all $B$ whose symmetric difference with $A$ has asymptotic density 0. There is a natural metric $\delta$ on the space $\mathcal{S}$ of coarse similarity classes defined by letting…

逻辑 · 数学 2021-06-25 Denis R. Hirschfeldt , Carl G. Jockusch, , Paul E. Schupp

Phylogenetic networks provide a more general description of evolutionary relationships than rooted phylogenetic trees. One way to produce a phylogenetic network is to randomly place $k$ arcs between the edges of a rooted binary phylogenetic…

种群与进化 · 定量生物学 2025-03-19 Michael Fuchs , Mike Steel , Qiang Zhang

We consider the tributary structure of Howard's drainage model studied by Gangopadhyay et. al. Conditional on the event that the tributary survives up to time $n$, we show that, as a sequence of random metric spaces, scaled tributary…

概率论 · 数学 2020-08-11 Kumarjit Saha

In this paper, the relationship between probabilistic graphical models, in particular Bayesian networks, and causal diagrams, also called structural causal models, is studied. Structural causal models are deterministic models, based on…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-24 Peter J. F. Lucas , Eleonora Zullo , Fabio Stella

We consider the counting problem of the number of \textit{leaf-labeled increasing trees}, where internal nodes may have an arbitrary number of descendants. The set of all such trees is a discrete representation of the genealogies obtained…

种群与进化 · 定量生物学 2022-11-08 Johannes Wirtz

In this review, we discuss approaches for learning causal structure from data, also called causal discovery. In particular, we focus on approaches for learning directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) and various generalizations which allow for some…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2022-12-20 Chandler Squires , Caroline Uhler

There is a brief description of the probabilistic causal graph model for representing, reasoning with, and learning causal structure using Bayesian networks. It is then argued that this model is closely related to how humans reason with and…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2013-02-08 Scott B. Morris , Doug Cork , Richard E. Neapolitan

One of the central elements of any causal inference is an object called structural causal model (SCM), which represents a collection of mechanisms and exogenous sources of random variation of the system under investigation (Pearl, 2000). An…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-10-05 Kevin Xia , Kai-Zhan Lee , Yoshua Bengio , Elias Bareinboim

Let $d \geq 3$ be a fixed integer. We give an asympotic formula for the expected number of spanning trees in a uniformly random $d$-regular graph with $n$ vertices. (The asymptotics are as $n\to\infty$, restricted to even $n$ if $d$ is…

组合数学 · 数学 2024-05-31 Catherine Greenhill , Matthew Kwan , David Wind

We develop a cluster expansion for the probability of full connectivity of high density random networks in confined geometries. In contrast to percolation phenomena at lower densities, boundary effects, which have previously been largely…

无序系统与神经网络 · 物理学 2015-06-03 Justin Coon , Carl P. Dettmann , Orestis Georgiou

A hypertree, or $\mathbb{Q}$-acyclic complex, is a higher-dimensional analogue of a tree. We study random $2$-dimensional hypertrees according to the determinantal measure suggested by Lyons. We are especially interested in their…

代数拓扑 · 数学 2020-04-29 Matthew Kahle , Andrew Newman

Social networks are organized into communities with dense internal connections, giving rise to high values of the clustering coefficient. In addition, these networks have been observed to be assortative, i.e. highly connected vertices tend…

物理与社会 · 物理学 2016-09-08 R. Toivonen , J. -P. Onnela , J. Saramäki , J. Hyvönen , K. Kaski

We prove asymptotic equipartition properties for simple hierarchical structures (modelled as multitype Galton-Watson trees) and networked structures (modelled as randomly coloured random graphs). For example, for large $n$, a networked data…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2013-10-23 Kwabena Doku-Amponsah

Knowing the causal structure of a system is of fundamental interest in many areas of science and can aid the design of prediction algorithms that work well under manipulations to the system. The causal structure becomes identifiable from…

机器学习 · 统计学 2022-03-30 Martin Emil Jakobsen , Rajen D. Shah , Peter Bühlmann , Jonas Peters

This paper studies the distribution of the component spectrum of combinatorial structures such as uniform random forests, in which the classical generating function for the numbers of (irreducible) elements of the different sizes converges…

概率论 · 数学 2007-06-13 A. D. Barbour , B. Granovsky

Traditional statistical approaches primarily aim to model associations between variables, but many scientific and practical questions require causal methods instead. These approaches rely on assumptions about an underlying structure, often…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2025-11-26 Sjoerd Hermes , Joost van Heerwaarden , Fred van Eeuwijk , Pariya Behrouzi

We study a family of tree-type diagrams that arise in studies of the cumulant expansion in discrete Erd\H os-R\'enyi random matrix models. Using a version of the Pr\" ufer code, we obtain an explicit expression for the number of tree-type…

组合数学 · 数学 2024-12-16 O. Khorunzhiy

We obtain new non-asymptotic tail bounds for the height of uniformly random trees with a given degree sequence, simply generated trees and conditioned Bienaym\'e trees (the family trees of branching processes), in the process settling three…

概率论 · 数学 2024-03-11 Louigi Addario-Berry , Serte Donderwinkel