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We present two deterministic algorithms to approximate single-qutrit gates. These algorithms utilize the Clifford + $\mathbf{R}$ group to find the best approximation of diagonal rotations. The first algorithm exhaustively searches over the…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-12-09 Erik J. Gustafson , Henry Lamm , Diyi Liu , Edison M. Murairi , Shuchen Zhu

Resource-efficient and high-precision approximate synthesis of quantum circuits expressed in the Clifford+T gate set is vital for Fault-Tolerant quantum computing. Efficient optimal methods are known for single-qubit RZ unitaries, otherwise…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-04-27 Mathias Weiden , Justin Kalloor , John Kubiatowicz , Ed Younis , Costin Iancu

We generalize an efficient exact synthesis algorithm for single-qubit unitaries over the Clifford+T gate set which was presented by Kliuchnikov, Maslov and Mosca. Their algorithm takes as input an exactly synthesizable single-qubit…

量子物理 · 物理学 2015-10-07 Simon Forest , David Gosset , Vadym Kliuchnikov , David McKinnon

We describe a new method for approximating an arbitrary $n$ qubit unitary with precision $\varepsilon$ using a Clifford and T circuit with $O(4^{n}n(\log(1/\varepsilon)+n))$ gates. The method is based on rounding off a unitary to a unitary…

量子物理 · 物理学 2013-06-14 Vadym Kliuchnikov

For universal quantum computation, a major challenge to overcome for practical implementation is the large amount of resources required for fault-tolerant quantum information processing. An important aspect is implementing arbitrary unitary…

量子物理 · 物理学 2021-02-17 Gary J. Mooney , Charles D. Hill , Lloyd C. L. Hollenberg

We present an algorithm for building a circuit that approximates single qubit unitaries with precision {\epsilon} using O(log(1/{\epsilon})) Clifford and T gates and employing up to two ancillary qubits. The algorithm for computing our…

量子物理 · 物理学 2013-05-13 Vadym Kliuchnikov , Dmitri Maslov , Michele Mosca

We study two-qubit circuits over the Clifford+CS gate set, which consists of the Clifford gates together with the controlled-phase gate CS=diag(1,1,1,i). The Clifford+CS gate set is universal for quantum computation and its elements can be…

量子物理 · 物理学 2021-06-21 Andrew N. Glaudell , Neil J. Ross , Jacob M. Taylor

This paper presents a deep reinforcement learning approach for synthesizing unitaries into quantum circuits. Unitary synthesis aims to identify a quantum circuit that represents a given unitary while minimizing circuit depth, total gate…

Executing quantum algorithms on a quantum computer requires compilation to representations that conform to all restrictions imposed by the device. Due to devices' limited coherence times and gate fidelities, the compilation process has to…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-12-16 Sarah Schneider , Lukas Burgholzer , Robert Wille

We developed a general framework for synthesizing target gates by using a finite set of basic gates, which is a crucial step in quantum compilation. When approximating a gate in SU($n$), a naive brute-force search requires a computational…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-10-10 Soichiro Yamazaki , Seiseki Akibue

We present an exact synthesis algorithm for qutrit unitaries in $\mathcal{U}_{3^n}(\mathbb{Z}[1/3,e^{2\pi i/3}])$ over the Clifford$+T$ gate set with at most one ancilla. This extends the already known result of qutrit metaplectic gates…

量子物理 · 物理学 2024-05-15 Amolak Ratan Kalra , Manimugdha Saikia , Dinesh Valluri , Sam Winnick , Jon Yard

We give an efficient randomized algorithm for approximating an arbitrary element of $SU(2)$ by a product of Clifford+$T$ operators, up to any given error threshold $\epsilon>0$. Under a mild hypothesis on the distribution of primes, the…

量子物理 · 物理学 2015-03-13 Peter Selinger

We present a simple algorithm that implements an arbitrary $n$-qubit unitary operator using a Clifford+T circuit with T-count $O(2^{4n/3} n^{2/3})$. This improves upon the previous best known upper bound of $O(2^{3n/2} n)$, while the best…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-10-01 Xinyu Tan

We consider the problem of approximating arbitrary single-qubit z-rotations by ancilla-free Clifford+T circuits, up to given epsilon. We present a fast new probabilistic algorithm for solving this problem optimally, i.e., for finding the…

量子物理 · 物理学 2018-04-17 Neil J. Ross , Peter Selinger

We present new optimal and heuristic algorithms for exact synthesis of multi-qubit unitaries and isometries. For example, our algorithms find Clifford and T circuits for unitaries with entries in $\mathbb{Z}[i,1/\sqrt{2}]$. The optimal…

量子物理 · 物理学 2024-05-30 Vadym Kliuchnikov , Sebastian Schönnenbeck

While implementing a quantum algorithm it is crucial to reduce the quantum resources, in order to obtain the desired computational advantage. For most fault-tolerant quantum error-correcting codes the cost of implementing the non-Clifford…

量子物理 · 物理学 2023-02-10 Vlad Gheorghiu , Michele Mosca , Priyanka Mukhopadhyay

We present an algorithm for efficiently approximating of qubit unitaries over gate sets derived from totally definite quaternion algebras. It achieves $\varepsilon$-approximations using circuits of length $O(\log(1/\varepsilon))$, which is…

量子物理 · 物理学 2015-10-16 Vadym Kliuchnikov , Alex Bocharov , Martin Roetteler , Jon Yard

In fault-tolerant quantum circuit synthesis, T gates supplied via magic states dominate space-time cost, while Clifford gates incur negligible overhead. Conventional flows minimize AND count in an {XOR, AND, NOT} basis as a proxy for T,…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-05-18 Hanyu Wang , Mingfei Yu , Xinrui Wu , Jason Cong

We present pygridsynth, an open-source Python library for ancilla-free approximate Clifford+$T$ synthesis that runs in $O(\log(1/\epsilon))$ for precision $\epsilon$. For $n=1, 2$ qubits, the library builds upon established efficient and…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-04-24 Shuntaro Yamamoto , Nobuyuki Yoshioka

Quantum error correction is essential for achieving practical quantum computing but has a significant computational overhead. Among fault-tolerant (FT) gate operations, non-Clifford gates, such as $T$, are particularly expensive due to…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-01-27 Tianyi Hao , Amanda Xu , Swamit Tannu
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