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An elementary stabilization of a Legendrian link $L$ in the spherical cotangent bundle $ST^*M$ of a surface $M$ is a surgery that results in attaching a handle to $M$ along two discs away from the image in $M$ of the projection of the link…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2014-10-21 V. Chernov , R. Sadykov

We introduce a theory of virtual Legendrian knots. A virtual Legendrian knot is a cooriented wavefront on an oriented surface up to Legendrian isotopy of its lift to the unit cotangent bundle and stabilization and destablization of the…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2016-01-20 Patricia Cahn , Asa Levi

We formulate conjectures generalizing some known results to the category of virtual Legendrian knots. This includes statements relating virtual Legendrian knots to ordinary Legendrian knots, non-existence of positive virtual Legendrian self…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2023-07-04 Vladimir Chernov , Rustam Sadykov

Virtual knots are defined diagrammatically as a collection of figures, called virtual knot diagrams, that are considered equivalent up to finite sequences of extended Reidemeister moves. By contrast, knots in $\mathbb{R}^3$ can be defined…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2023-01-26 Micah Chrisman

We show that for a large class of contact 3-manifolds the groups of Vassiliev invariants of Legendrian and of framed knots are canonically isomorphic. As a corollary, we obtain that the group of finite order Arnold's $J^+$-type invariants…

辛几何 · 数学 2016-09-07 Vladimir Tchernov

In our works with Stoimenow, Vdovina and with Byberi, we introduced the virtual canonical genus $g_{vc}(K)$ and the virtual bridge number $vb(K)$ invariants of virtual knots. One can see from the definitions that for an classical knot $K$…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2014-04-24 Vladimir Chernov

The study of the Vassiliev invariants of Legendrian knots was started by D. Fuchs and S. Tabachnikov who showed that the groups of complex-valued Vassiliev invariants of Legendrian and of framed knots in the standard contact $R^3$ are…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2016-09-07 Vladimir Tchernov

Virtual knots, defined by Kauffman, provide a natural generalization of classical knots. Most invariants of knots extend in a natural way to give invariants of virtual knots. In this paper we study the fundamental groups of virtual knots…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2007-05-23 Se-Goo Kim

This paper studies knots in three dimensional projective space. Our technique is to associate a virtual link to a link in projective space so that equivalent projective links go to equivalent virtual links (modulo a special flype move). We…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2025-11-11 Louis H. Kauffman , Rama Mishra , Visakh Narayanan

In a recent work of I.\,Dynnikov and M.\,Prasolov a new method of comparing Legendrian knots is proposed. In general, to apply the method requires a lot of technical work. In particular, one needs to search all rectangular diagrams of…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2023-06-21 Ivan Dynnikov , Vladimir Shastin

Virtual knot theory, introduced by Kauffman, is a generalization of classical knot theory of interest because its finite-type invariant theory is potentially a topological interpretation of Etingof and Kazhdan's theory of quantization of…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2012-09-21 Karene Chu

It was shown in arXiv:1208.5742 that any smooth knot can be represented by an \"ubercrossing projection, i.e. a knot projection with no crossings aside from a single multi-crossing. We extend this idea to Legendrian knots and investigate…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2024-05-09 Amit Kumar , Jake Murphy , Brian Naff

This paper studies rotational virtual knot theory and its relationship with quantum link invariants. Every quantum link invariant for classical knots and links extends to an invariant of rotational virtual knots and links. The paper sets up…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2015-12-08 Louis H. Kauffman

In this article, we introduce rack invariants of oriented Legendrian knots in the 3-dimensional Euclidean space endowed with the standard contact structure, which we call Legendrian racks. These invariants form a generalization of the…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2017-07-04 Dheeraj Kulkarni , T. V. H. Prathamesh

We show that for a big class of contact manifolds the groups of order $\leq n$ invariants (with values in an arbitrary Abelian group) of Legendrian, of transverse and of framed knots are canonically isomorphic. On the other hand for an…

辛几何 · 数学 2007-05-23 Vladimir Tchernov

In this paper, we give a geometric interpretation of virtual knotoids as arcs in thickened surfaces. Then we show that virtual knotoid theory is a generalization of classical knotoid theory. This gives a proof of a conjecture of Kauffman…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2026-03-05 Neslihan Gügümcü , Hamdi Kayaslan

We present two different constructions of invariants for Legendrian knots in the standard contact space $\R^3$. These invariants are defined combinatorially, in terms of certain planar projections, and are useful in distinguishing…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2007-05-23 Yuri Chekanov

We show that there exists an infinite family of pairwise non-isotopic Legendrian knots in the standard contact 3-sphere whose Stein traces are equivalent. This is the first example of such phenomenon. Different constructions are developed…

辛几何 · 数学 2026-02-10 Roger Casals , John Etnyre , Marc Kegel

A virtual knot is an equivalence class of embeddings of $ S^1 $ into thickened (closed oriented) surfaces, up to self-diffeomorphism of the surface and certain handle stabilisations. The slice genus of a virtual knot is defined…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2018-12-14 William Rushworth

In the prequel of this paper, Kauffman and Ogasa introduced new topological quantum invariants of compact oriented 3-manifolds with boundary where the boundary is a disjoint union of two identical surfaces. The invariants are constructed…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2022-03-25 Heather A. Dye , Louis H. Kauffman , Eiji Ogasa
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