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The Kirkwood-Dirac (KD) quasiprobability distribution is a fundamental representation for quantum states and has been widely applied in quantum metrology, quantum chaos, weak values in recent years. A quantum state is KD-classical if its…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-03-17 Lin-Yan Cai , Ying-Hui Yang , Zhu-Jun Zheng

Kirkwood-Dirac (KD) distribution is a representation of quantum states. Recently, KD distribution has been employed in many scenarios such as quantum metrology, quantum chaos and foundations of quantum theory. KD distribution is a…

量子物理 · 物理学 2024-04-30 Jianwei Xu

The Kirkwood-Dirac (KD) quasiprobability distribution can describe any quantum state with respect to the eigenbases of two observables $A$ and $B$. KD distributions behave similarly to classical joint probability distributions but can…

量子物理 · 物理学 2024-08-02 Christopher Langrenez , David R. M. Arvidsson-Shukur , Stephan De Bièvre

Recent years have seen the Kirkwood-Dirac (KD) distribution come to the forefront as a powerful quasi-probability distribution for analysing quantum mechanics. The KD distribution allows tools from statistics and probability theory to be…

The characterization of Kirkwood-Dirac (KD) classicality or non-classicality is very important in quantum information processing. In general, the set of KD classical states with respect to two bases is not a convex polytope[J. Math. Phys.…

量子物理 · 物理学 2024-10-14 Ying-Hui Yang , Shuang Yao , Shi-Jiao Geng , Xiao-Li Wang , Pei-Ying Chen

We construct and study the Kirkwood-Dirac (KD) representations naturally associated to the Fourier transform of finite abelian groups $G$. We identify all pure KD-positive states and all KD-real observables for these KD representations. We…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-09-16 Stephan De Bièvre , Christopher Langrenez , Danylo Radchenko

A central problem in quantum information is determining quantum-classical boundaries. A useful notion of classicality is provided by the quasiprobability formulation of quantum theory. In this framework, a state is called classical if it is…

Given two observables $A$ and $B$, one can associate to every quantum state a Kirkwood-Dirac (KD) quasiprobability distribution. KD distributions are like joint classical probabilities except that they can have negative or nonreal values,…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-06-30 Christopher Langrenez , Stephan De Bièvre , David R. M. Arvidsson-Shukur

The Kirkwood-Dirac (KD) distribution has recently emerged as a powerful quasiprobability framework with wide-ranging applications in quantum information processing tasks. In this work, we introduce an experimentally motivated criterion for…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-03-27 Sudip Chakrabarty , Bivas Mallick , Saheli Mukherjee , Ananda G. Maity

Classical computers can simulate models of quantum computation with restricted input states. The identification of such states can sharpen the boundary between quantum and classical computations. Previous works describe simulable states of…

Kirkwood discovered in 1933, and Dirac discovered in 1945, a representation of quantum states that has undergone a renaissance recently. The Kirkwood-Dirac (KD) distribution has been employed to study nonclassicality across quantum physics,…

The Kirkwood-Dirac (KD) quasiprobability distribution is known for its role in quantum metrology, thermodynamics, as well as quantum foundations. In this work we classify unitary evolutions that preserve KD positivity. We identify…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-04-03 Jędrzej Burkat , Sergii Strelchuk

In this paper, we investigate the Kirkwood-Dirac nonclassicality and uncertainty diagram based on discrete Fourier transform (DFT) in a $d$ dimensional system. The uncertainty diagram of complete incompatibility bases $\mathcal {A},\mathcal…

量子物理 · 物理学 2023-08-03 Ying-Hui Yang , Bing-Bing Zhang , Xiao-Li Wang , Shi-Jiao Geng , Pei-Ying Chen

Kirkwood-Dirac (KD) quasiprobability is a quantum analog of phase space probability of classical statistical mechanics, allowing negative or/and nonreal values. It gives an informationally complete representation of a quantum state. Recent…

量子物理 · 物理学 2023-09-19 Agung Budiyono , Hermawan K. Dipojono

We uncover new features of generalized contextuality by connecting it to the Kirkwood-Dirac (KD) quasiprobability distribution. Quantum states can be represented by KD distributions, which take values in the complex unit disc. Only for…

We investigate features of the quasi-joint-probability distribution for finite-state quantum systems, especially the two-state and three-state quantum systems, comparing different types of quasi-joint-probability distributions based on the…

量子物理 · 物理学 2024-04-01 Shun Umekawa , Jaeha Lee , Naomichi Hatano

Kirkwood-Dirac representations of quantum states are increasingly finding use in many areas within quantum theory. Usually, representations of this sort are only applied to provide a representation of quantum states (as complex functions…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-08-15 David Schmid , Roberto D. Baldijão , Yìlè Yīng , Rafael Wagner , John H. Selby

Quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols most often use two conjugate bases in order to verify the security of the quantum channel. In the majority of protocols, these bases are mutually unbiased to one another, which is to say they are…

Temporal quantum states generalize the multipartite density operator formalism to the time domain, enabling a unified treatment of quantum systems with both timelike and spacelike correlations. Despite a growing body of temporal state…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-01-12 Zhian Jia , Kavan Modi , Dagomir Kaszlikowski

Just a few years after the inception of quantum mechanics, there has been a research program using the nonclassical values of some quasiprobability distributions to delineate the nonclassical aspects of quantum phenomena. In particular, in…

量子物理 · 物理学 2024-05-24 Agung Budiyono , Joel F. Sumbowo , Mohammad K. Agusta , Bagus E. B. Nurhandoko
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