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A graph G is (a:b)-colorable if there exists an assignment of b-element subsets of {1,...,a} to vertices of G such that sets assigned to adjacent vertices are disjoint. We first show that for every triangle-free planar graph G and a vertex…

组合数学 · 数学 2018-09-17 Zdeněk Dvořák , Xiaolan Hu

A star edge coloring of a graph is a proper edge coloring with no $2$-colored path or cycle of length four. The star chromatic index $\chi'_{st}(G)$ of $G$ is the minimum number $t$ for which $G$ has a star edge coloring with $t$ colors. We…

组合数学 · 数学 2021-05-12 Carl Johan Casselgren , Jonas B. Granholm , André Raspaud

A defective $k$-coloring is a coloring on the vertices of a graph using colors $1,2, \dots, k$ such that adjacent vertices may share the same color. A $(d_1,d_2)$-\emph{coloring} of a graph $G$ is a defective $2$-coloring of $G$ such that…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-01-14 Pongpat Sittitrai , Wannapol Pimpasalee , Kittikorn Nakprasit

We give efficient randomized and deterministic distributed algorithms for computing a distance-$2$ vertex coloring of a graph $G$ in the CONGEST model. In particular, if $\Delta$ is the maximum degree of $G$, we show that there is a…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2020-05-15 Magnus M. Halldorsson , Fabian Kuhn , Yannic Maus

A hypergraph is 2-intersecting if any two edges intersect in at least two vertices. Blais, Weinstein and Yoshida asked (as a first step to a more general problem) whether every 2-intersecting hypergraph has a vertex coloring with a constant…

组合数学 · 数学 2020-06-12 Lucas Colucci , András Gyárfás

Given two $k$-dicolourings of a digraph $D$, we prove that it is PSPACE-complete to decide whether we can transform one into the other by recolouring one vertex at each step while maintaining a dicolouring at any step even for $k=2$ and for…

离散数学 · 计算机科学 2023-10-03 Nicolas Bousquet , Frédéric Havet , Nicolas Nisse , Lucas Picasarri-Arrieta , Amadeus Reinald

Let $G$ be a graph embedded on a surface $S_\varepsilon$ with Euler genus $\varepsilon > 0$, and let $P\subseteq V(G)$ be a set of vertices mutually at distance at least 4 apart. Suppose all vertices of $G$ have $H(\varepsilon)$-lists and…

组合数学 · 数学 2013-01-03 Alice M. Dean , Joan P. Hutchinson

Given a 2-edge-coloring $f : E(K_n) \rightarrow \{\pm 1\}$, the discrepancy of a subgraph $F \subseteq K_n$ is defined as $\left| \sum_{e \in E(F)} f(e) \right|$. Erd\H{o}s, F\"uredi, Loebl and S\'os showed that if $F$ is an $n$-vertex tree…

组合数学 · 数学 2026-02-05 Micha Christoph , Lior Gishboliner , Michael Krivelevich

A triangle in a hypergraph is a collection of distinct vertices u,v,w and distinct edges e,f,g with u,v \in e, v,w \in f, w,u \in g, and \{u,v,w\} \cap e \cap f \cap g=\emptyset. The i-degree of a vertex in a hypergraph is the number of…

组合数学 · 数学 2013-02-18 Jeff Cooper , Dhruv Mubayi

We study the linear list chromatic number, denoted $\lcl(G)$, of sparse graphs. The maximum average degree of a graph $G$, denoted $\mad(G)$, is the maximum of the average degrees of all subgraphs of $G$. It is clear that any graph $G$ with…

组合数学 · 数学 2011-10-12 Daniel W. Cranston , Gexin Yu

A total $k$-coloring of a graph is an assignment of $k$ colors to its vertices and edges such that no two adjacent or incident elements receive the same color. The Total Coloring Conjecture (TCC) states that every simple graph $G$ has a…

组合数学 · 数学 2018-12-04 Enqiang Zhu , Chanjuan Liu , Yongsheng Rao

A proper conflict-free colouring of a graph is a colouring of the vertices such that any two adjacent vertices receive different colours, and for every non-isolated vertex $v$, some colour appears exactly once on the neighbourhood of $v$.…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-05-01 Chun-Hung Liu , Bruce Reed

Given a coloring of the edges of the complete graph on n vertices in k colors, by considering the neighbors of an arbitrary vertex it follows that there is a monochromatic diameter two subgraph on at least 1+(n-1)/k vertices. We show that…

组合数学 · 数学 2007-05-23 Tom Fowler

A harmonious coloring of a $k$-uniform hypergraph $H$ is a vertex coloring such that no two vertices in the same edge have the same color, and each $k$-element subset of colors appears on at most one edge. The harmonious number $h(H)$ is…

组合数学 · 数学 2024-08-07 Sebastian Czerwiński

Given a graph $G$ and a mapping $f:V(G) \to \mathbb{N}$, an $f$-list assignment of $G$ is a function that maps each $v \in V(G)$ to a set of at least $f(v)$ colors. For an $f$-list assignment $L$ of a graph $G$, a proper conflict-free…

组合数学 · 数学 2026-01-23 Masaki Kashima , Riste Škrekovski , Rongxing Xu

The \textit{square} of a graph $G$, denoted by $G^2$, is obtained from $G$ by adding an edge to connect every pair of vertices with a common neighbor in $G$. In this paper we prove that for every planar graph $G$ with maximum degree at most…

组合数学 · 数学 2023-08-15 Jiani Zou , Miaomiao Han , Hong-Jian Lai

Let ${\cal{F}}=\{F_1,F_2,\ldots\}$ be a sequence of graphs such that $F_n$ is a graph on $n$ vertices with maximum degree at most $\Delta$. We show that there exists an absolute constant $C$ such that the vertices of any 2-edge-colored…

组合数学 · 数学 2014-05-30 Andrey Grinshpun , Gabor N. Sarkozy

Let $k$ and $d$ be such that $k \ge d+2$. Consider two $k$-colorings of a $d$-degenerate graph $G$. Can we transform one into the other by recoloring one vertex at each step while maintaining a proper coloring at any step? Cereceda et al.…

离散数学 · 计算机科学 2019-07-04 Nicolas Bousquet , Valentin Bartier

The {\em acyclic chromatic number} of a graph is the least number of colors needed to properly color its vertices so that none of its cycles has only two colors. The {\em acyclic chromatic index} is the analogous graph parameter for edge…

组合数学 · 数学 2024-10-15 Lefteris Kirousis , John Livieratos

We consider the problem of list edge coloring for planar graphs. Edge coloring is the problem of coloring the edges while ensuring that two edges that are incident receive different colors. A graph is k-edge-choosable if for any assignment…

离散数学 · 计算机科学 2013-03-19 Marthe Bonamy