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Multi-arm trials are gaining interest in practice given the statistical and logistical advantages they can offer. The standard approach uses a fixed allocation ratio, but there is a call for making it adaptive and skewing the allocation of…

Hazard ratios are often used to evaluate time to event outcomes, but they may be hard to interpret. A particular issue arise because hazards are typically estimated conditional on survival, i.e.\ on left truncated samples. Then, hazard…

The work is devoted to a modern state, methods and tools of monitoring, assessment and prediction of the indicators showing physical condition of a person and his/her capabilities to perform work duties. The work contains an analysis of…

The association between visit-to-visit systolic blood pressure variability and cardiovascular events has recently received a lot of attention in the cardiovascular literature. But blood pressure variability is usually estimated on a…

Through participatory design, we are developing a computational system for the semi-automated assessment of the Action Research Arm Test (ARAT) for stroke rehabilitation. During rehabilitation assessment, clinicians rate movement segments…

Experimental Kitagawa analysis has been performed on A356-T6 containing natural and artificial defects. Results are obtained with a load ratio of R = -1 for three different loadings: tension, torsion and combined tension-torsion. The…

The aim is to evaluate whether smart worklist prioritization by artificial intelligence (AI) can optimize the radiology workflow and reduce report turnaround times (RTAT) for critical findings in chest radiographs (CXRs). Furthermore, we…

Introduction: There have been many warnings that inappropriate dichotomisation of results into positive or negative, high, or normal etc., during medical research could be very damaging. The aim of this paper is to argue that this is the…

The continued integration of technology into all aspects of society stresses the need to identify and understand the risk associated with assimilating new technologies. This necessity is heightened when technology is used for medical…

When planning a clinical trial for a time-to-event endpoint, we require an estimated effect size and need to consider the type of effect. Usually, an effect of proportional hazards is assumed with the hazard ratio as the corresponding…

When AI agents don't align their actions with human values they may cause serious harm. One way to solve the value alignment problem is by including a human operator who monitors all of the agent's actions. Despite the fact, that this…

In mechanical engineering W\"ohler plots serve to measure the average number of load cycles before materials break, as a function of the maximal stress in each cycle. Although such plots are prevalent in engineering for more than 150 years,…

Socially assistive robots are increasingly being explored to improve the engagement of older adults and people with disability in health and well-being-related exercises. However, even if people have various physical conditions, most prior…

Physical activity (PA) is an important risk factor for many health outcomes. Wearable-devices such as accelerometers are increasingly used in biomedical studies to understand the associations between PA and health outcomes. Statistical…

The hazard ratio is routinely used as a summary measure to assess the treatment effect in clinical trials with time-to-event endpoints. It is frequently assumed as constant over time although this assumption often does not hold. When the…

The ability to estimate task difficulty is critical for many real-world decisions such as setting appropriate goals for ourselves or appreciating others' accomplishments. Here we give a computational account of how humans judge the…

Tabletop exercises are used to train personnel in the efficient mitigation and resolution of incidents. They are applied in practice to support the preparedness of organizations and to highlight inefficient processes. Since tabletop…

Background: Accurate effort estimation is crucial for planning in Agile iterative development. Agile estimation generally relies on consensus-based methods like planning poker, which require less time and information than other formal…

Suppose (standardized) measurements or statistics are monitored to raise an alarm when a threshold is exceeded. Often, the underlying population is heterogenous with respect to important discrete variables and thus samples may consist of…

Discussions on outstanding---positively and/or negatively---athletes are common practice. The rapidly grown amount of collected sports data now allow to support such discussions with state of the art statistical methodology. Given a…