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The purposes of this paper are to classify lower triangular forms and to determine under what conditions a nonlinear system is equivalent to a specific type of lower triangular forms. According to the least multi-indices and the greatest…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2022-08-16 Duan Zhang , Ying Sun

In his 1957 paper, John Milnor introduced a collection of invariants for links in $S^3$ detecting higher-order linking phenomena by studying lower central quotients of link groups and comparing them to those of the unlink. These invariants,…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2026-05-06 Ryan Stees

J.P. Levine showed that the Conway polynomial of a link is a product of two factors: one is the Conway polynomial of a knot which is obtained from the link by banding together the components; and the other is determined by the…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2007-05-23 Tatsuya Tsukamoto , Akira Yasuhara

Khovanov homology is a recently introduced invariant of oriented links in $\mathbb{R}^3$. It categorifies the Jones polynomial in the sense that the (graded) Euler characteristic of the Khovanov homology is a version of the Jones polynomial…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2018-06-20 Alexander N. Shumakovitch

By twisting a given link $L$ along an unknotted circle $c$, we obtain an infinite family of links $\{ L_n \}$. We introduce the ``stable unknotting number'' which describes the asymptotic behavior of unknotting numbers of links in the twist…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2025-04-08 Kenneth L. Baker , Yasuyuki Miyazawa , Kimihiko Motegi

We consider the 2-generated free metabelian associative and Lie algebras over the complex field and the invariants of the dihedral groups of finite order acting on these algebras. In the associative case we find a finite set of generators…

环与代数 · 数学 2023-11-17 Vesselin Drensky , Boyan Kostadinov

Using unknotting number, we introduce a link diagram invariant of Hass and Nowik type, which changes at most by 2 under a Reidemeister move. As an application, we show that a certain infinite sequence of diagrams of the trivial…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2010-12-27 Chuichiro Hayashi , Miwa Hayashi

According to the idea of Ozsv\'ath, Stipsicz and Szab\'o, we define the knot invariant $\Upsilon$ without the holomorphic theory, using constructions from grid homology. We develop a homology theory using grid diagrams, and show that…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2019-03-15 Viktória Földvári

Given a simple algebraic group $G$, a web is a directed trivalent graph with edges labelled by dominant minuscule weights. There is a natural surjection of webs onto the invariant space of tensor products of minuscule representations.…

量子代数 · 数学 2011-08-24 Bruce Fontaine

We prove a conjecture of Crapo and Penne which characterizes isotopy classes of skew configurations with spindle-structure. We use this result in order to define an invariant, spindle-genus, for spindle-configurations. We also slightly…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2014-11-11 Roland Bacher , David Garber

This paper generalize [7](math.GT/0601291): We construct new links invariants from g, a type I basic classical Lie superalgebra. The construction uses the existence of an unexpected replacement of the vanishing quantum dimension of typical…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2007-10-01 Nathan Geer , Bertrand Patureau-Mirand

It is an open problem whether Kirk's $\sigma$ invariant is the complete obstruction to a link map $S^2\cup S^2\to S^4$ being link homotopically trivial. With the objective of constructing counterexamples, Li proposed a link homotopy…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2016-09-21 Ash Lightfoot

The modular data of a modular category $\mathcal{C}$, consisting of the $S$-matrix and the $T$-matrix, is known to be an incomplete invariant of $\mathcal{C}$. More generally, the invariants of framed links and knots defined by a modular…

量子代数 · 数学 2021-04-27 Ajinkya Kulkarni , Michaël Mignard , Peter Schauenburg

We construct knot invariants categorifying the quantum knot variants for all representations of quantum groups. We show that these invariants coincide with previous invariants defined by Khovanov for sl_2 and sl_3 and by Mazorchuk-Stroppel…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2017-11-15 Ben Webster

As it is well-known, all Vassiliev invariants of degree one of a knot $K\subset R^3$ are trivial. There are nontrivial Vassiliev invariants of degree one, when the ambient space is not $R^3$. Recently, T. Fiedler introduced such invariants…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2007-05-23 Vladimir Tchernov

We study the secondary structure of RNA determined by Watson-Crick pairing without pseudo-knots using Milnor invariants of links. We focus on the first non-trivial invariant, which we call the Heisenberg invariant. The Heisenberg invariant,…

生物大分子 · 定量生物学 2008-09-19 Siddhartha Gadgil

In this paper we construct a multivariable link invariant arising from the quantum group associated to the special linear Lie superalgebra sl(2|1). The usual quantum group invariant of links associated to (generic) representations of…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2007-05-23 Nathan Geer , Bertrand Patureau-Mirand

The theory of link-homotopy, introduced by Milnor, is an important part of the knot theory, with Milnor's mu-bar-invariants being the basic set of link-homotopy invariants. Skein relations for knot and link invariants played a crucial role…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2014-10-01 Michael Polyak

We show that if $K$ is a nontrivial knot then the proportion of satellites of $K$ among all of the prime non-split links of $n$ or fewer crossings does not converge to $0$ as $n$ approaches infinity. This implies in particular that the…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2019-07-11 Andrei V. Malyutin

We compute the invariants for a class of knots and links in arbitrary representations in $S^3/\mathbb{Z}_p$ in the large $k$ (level), large $N$ (rank) limit, keeping $N/(k+N)=\lambda$ fixed, in $U(N)$ and $Sp(N)$ Chern-Simons theories.…

高能物理 - 理论 · 物理学 2022-02-25 Kushal Chakraborty , Suvankar Dutta