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We investigate the stability of highly charged Reissner-Nordstr\"om black holes to charged scalar perturbations. We show that the near-horizon region exhibits a transient instability which becomes the Aretakis instability in the extremal…

广义相对论与量子宇宙学 · 物理学 2023-10-03 Peter Zimmerman

We numerically analyze the behavior of a charged scalar field on a fixed extremal Reissner-Nordstr\"om background. We find an extension of the Aretakis instability characterized by an accumulation of charge on the extremal event horizon. In…

广义相对论与量子宇宙学 · 物理学 2025-08-28 Zachary Gelles , Frans Pretorius

We study late-time behaviors of massive scalar fields in general static and spherically symmetric extremal black hole spacetimes in arbitrary dimensions. We show the existence of conserved quantities on the extremal black hole horizons for…

广义相对论与量子宇宙学 · 物理学 2022-04-13 Takuya Katagiri , Masashi Kimura

We show that the emergent near-horizon conformal symmetry of extremal black holes gives rise to universal behavior in perturbing fields, both near and far from the black hole horizon. The scale-invariance of the near-horizon region entails…

广义相对论与量子宇宙学 · 物理学 2018-07-12 Samuel E. Gralla , Peter Zimmerman

The behavior of black hole horizons under extreme conditions-such as near collapse or phase transitions-remains less understood, particularly in the context of soft hair and Aretakis instabilities. We show that the breakdown of conformal…

广义相对论与量子宇宙学 · 物理学 2025-09-10 Pradosh Keshav MV , Arun Kenath

We present the first comprehensive investigation of the non-linear evolution of the Aretakis instability in extremal black $p$-branes. Building on recent insights into the linear behavior of perturbations in near-horizon AdS$_{p+2} \times…

高能物理 - 理论 · 物理学 2025-07-23 Behnam Pourhassan

Aretakis has proved that a massless scalar field has an instability at the horizon of an extreme Reissner-Nordstr\"om black hole. We show that a similar instability occurs also for a massive scalar field and for coupled linearized…

广义相对论与量子宇宙学 · 物理学 2015-06-12 James Lucietti , Keiju Murata , Harvey S. Reall , Norihiro Tanahashi

We show that scalar, electromagnetic, and gravitational perturbations of extremal Kerr black holes are asymptotically self-similar under the near-horizon, late-time scaling symmetry of the background metric. This accounts for the Aretakis…

广义相对论与量子宇宙学 · 物理学 2018-04-03 Samuel E. Gralla , Peter Zimmerman

Stationary black hole geometries with non-degenerate Cauchy horizons are classically unstable due to mass inflation. At extremality, mass inflation is absent, but a different dynamical instability arises: the Aretakis instability. In this…

广义相对论与量子宇宙学 · 物理学 2026-04-17 Shreyansh Agrawal , Panagiotis Charalambous , Laura Donnay , Stefano Liberati , Giulio Neri

We revisit global existence and decay for small-data solutions of semilinear wave equations on extremal Reissner-Nordstr\"om black hole backgrounds satisfying the classical null condition, a problem which was previously addressed by the…

偏微分方程分析 · 数学 2025-08-07 Yannis Angelopoulos , Ryan Unger

We investigate how the Aretakis instability affects non-dilatonic extremal black $p$-branes by focusing on their near-horizon geometry. Crucially, the strength of the instability, \textit{i.e.} the number of transverse derivatives needed to…

高能物理 - 理论 · 物理学 2025-11-13 Calvin Y. -R. Chen , Áron D. Kovács

It has recently been argued that extremal black holes can act as amplifiers of new physics, due to horizon instabilities that enhance the effects of ultraviolet corrections. In this paper, we revisit some of these claims and investigate the…

广义相对论与量子宇宙学 · 物理学 2026-02-05 Francesco Di Filippo , Shinji Mukohyama , José M. M. Senovilla

We prove an intrinsic analogue of Hawking's rigidity theorem for extremal horizons in arbitrary dimensions: any compact cross-section of a rotating extremal horizon in a spacetime satisfying the null energy condition must admit a Killing…

广义相对论与量子宇宙学 · 物理学 2025-12-12 Alex Colling

We investigate the decay of a spherically symmetric near-extremal charged black hole, including back-reaction effects, in the near-horizon region. The non-locality of the effective action controlling this process allows and also forces us…

高能物理 - 理论 · 物理学 2009-11-07 A. Fabbri , D. J. Navarro , J. Navarro-Salas

Linear perturbations of extremal black holes exhibit the Aretakis instability, in which higher derivatives of a scalar field grow polynomially with time along the event horizon. This suggests that higher derivative corrections to the…

高能物理 - 理论 · 物理学 2018-01-17 Shahar Hadar , Harvey S. Reall

We analytically study the linear response of a near-extremal Kerr black hole to external scalar, electromagnetic, and gravitational field perturbations. We show that the energy density, electromagnetic field strength, and tidal force…

广义相对论与量子宇宙学 · 物理学 2016-10-19 Samuel E. Gralla , Aaron Zimmerman , Peter Zimmerman

We prove a new type of finite time blow-up for a class of semilinear wave equations on extremal black holes. The initial data can be taken to be arbitrarily close to the trivial data. The first singularity occurs along the (degenerate)…

广义相对论与量子宇宙学 · 物理学 2015-06-15 Stefanos Aretakis

We prove the existence of instabilities for the geometric linear wave equation on extremal Kerr spacetime backgrounds, which describe stationary black holes rotating at their maximally allowed angular velocity. These instabilities can be…

广义相对论与量子宇宙学 · 物理学 2023-04-18 Dejan Gajic

The initial idea underlying the Weak Gravity Conjecture is that extremal black holes must always be "unstable", in the sense that they should slowly decay by emitting either particles or smaller black holes. Here we show that, when this…

广义相对论与量子宇宙学 · 物理学 2022-04-13 Brett McInnes

We study charged scalar perturbations of charged extremal black holes in Einstein-Born-Infeld theory. Our numerical results indicate that these black holes all suffer from superradiant instability by the unstable quasi-bound states,…

高能物理 - 理论 · 物理学 2024-04-05 Ze-Hua Wu , H. Lu
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